tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-17668180373758310362024-03-08T07:13:54.794-08:00Online essay writersEssay Writing Samples For Bank Examlynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-86966163286247791662020-08-23T01:52:00.001-07:002020-08-23T01:52:05.779-07:00Langston Hughesââ¬â¢ ââ¬ÅMontage of a Dream Deferredââ¬Â Essaylynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-90616908553369877452020-08-21T23:34:00.001-07:002020-08-21T23:34:13.279-07:00Economy and Nightlife Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsEconomy and Nightlife - Essay Example Today, we can observer various changes and developing patterns that portray the economies of differed nations. Globalization and the development of enterprises have prompted another culture of sorts - the mixture of night-life and the MNC culture in different nations, particularly the creating countries that are becoming used to these changes. This social change has achieved an effect on the economy and the economic situations, too. This paper endeavors to feature this new wonder and connections nightlife to the development of the economy. The blooming of 'night-life' and such other related marvel occurred during the 1980s, when organizations started searching for over the-outskirt activities and started seeing the entire world as a worldwide town. Let us dissect the reasons for the development of night-life, so as to grasp its significance and how it has been an instrument of progress in influencing the economy. Initially, the changing structures of the urban areas contributed hugely to the straight setting up of makers and shoppers. For example, the focal market zones of urban communities were cleared and moved to different areas, which prompted a change in the physical structure, yet additionally in the way of life of the urban communities. Later on, this prompted the capital development and rebuilding of urban communities, that cleared path for more noteworthy potential. Holding tight in numerous urban communities in the mid-1970s the focal business locale (CBDs) spoke to a fixed capital that organizations were very hesitant to discount. This was regarding structures as well as of land. (Harvey, 1985a; 1989). Furthermore, developing rivalry among different urban communities to make an imprint and a picture for themselves, on the national level, yet in addition in t he recently discovered worldwide market prompted various changes. Likewise it made pressures inside the nearby country as organizers prepared to manage the city as an arrangement of target factors (Hall, 1988) were confronted with thoughts of urban societies and spaces that couple of were furnished to manage. Thirdly, the blast in utilization and the development of the significance of commercialization prompted this new culture. The urban communities situated themselves in wording fo utilization and not creation, which prompted another rent of social milieu. During the 1980s the (unevenly) revalorized downtown area rose as another scene of structures, ventures and signs worried about the association and misuse of utilization. This economy of utilization (appropriation and promoting), in contrast to the economy of the creation and trade of merchandise (assembling and exchange) had an a lot looser relationship to the neighborhood. [Cities and the Night-time Economy, ANDY LOVATT and JUSTIN O'CONNOR]. At last, the recently new culture subsequently lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-53898054238746442092020-07-13T02:29:00.001-07:002020-07-13T02:29:05.562-07:00How to Manage Caregiving for SchizophreniaHow to Manage Caregiving for Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Print Caregiving for Schizophrenia By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 09, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on February 09, 2020 Getty / kate_sept2004 More in Disorders Schizophrenia Addiction ADHD Eating Disorders Social Anxiety Disorder Bipolar Disorder BPD Depression OCD GAD Panic Disorder PTSD View All In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Schizophrenia? Effects of Schizophrenia Need for Knowledge Basic Daily Needs Treatment Social Support Self-Care Crisis Plan Coping Skills Dealing with Stigma Living Arrangements View All Back To Top Caregiving for schizophrenia is often provided by family members or other close persons and plays an important role in ensuring that people with this mental illness are able to live life to the fullest. However, its natural for caregivers of persons with schizophrenia to experience feelings of frustration, stress, and helplessness when placed in this role. As a caregiver, you have to serve as both a support system for your family member and a liaison for their medical care. In other words, you are juggling many different responsibilities with a steep learning curve and its simply not easy. Not only do you need to quickly learn about and understand the illness and the broad range of behaviors that it can involve, but you also need to determine how best to provide care without overstepping or creating undue stress. Its a delicate balancing act that is not easy, to say the least. However, when done right it provides the best chance for the person with schizophrenia to thrive. What Is Schizophrenia? If you are a caregiver for someone with schizophrenia, you likely are already familiar with the signs and symptoms of this mental illness as shown below. A diagnosis of schizophrenia requires that two or more of the following criteria be met for at least a one-month period, of which at least one of them must be the first three symptoms on the list: delusionshallucinationsdisorganized speechgrossly disorganized or catatonic behaviornegative symptoms such as diminished emotional expression In addition, there must be impairment in work, interpersonal relations, or self-care for a significant period of time. As well, signs of the illness must have lasted for at least six months and include at least one month of symptoms that match the ones listed above. In order to be diagnosed with schizophrenia, it is also necessary to rule out other illnesses as the cause of symptoms such as schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder with psychotic features, use of substances, another medical condition, or autism spectrum or communication disorder. An Overview of Schizophrenia Effects of Schizophrenia Beyond the diagnostic criteria, a person with schizophrenia will show a number of signs of the illness that affect their daily life. These include the following: reacting inappropriately to situations (e.g., laughing at sad news)sleep patterns that are disturbedanger, anxiety, depression, or phobiasfeeling disconnected from oneselffeeling like things around them arent realproblems with language, memory, and executive functionan inability to see that ones symptoms are caused by illnessfailure to properly interpret social situationsbecoming hostile or aggressive toward others Need for Knowledge As a caregiver, the more you know about schizophrenia, the better equipped you will be to help your family member. Do your part by learning about the symptoms, treatments, prognosis, and other details so that you are better prepared to be effective in this role. Basic Daily Needs A person with schizophrenia may need help with basic daily life tasks, and as the caregiver, it is part of your role to help with the organization of these tasks. If you are not naturally an organized person or are already struggling with your own daily life, you may want to consider whether the caregiver role is right for you. You may need to help with things such as scheduling appointments, transportation to appointments, creating routines and a predictable environment, and setting realistic goals. Treatment A person with schizophrenia will likely be taking a prescription medication and perhaps receiving therapy. As a caregiver, you also have tasks related to these areas. Medication Some of the tasks you might find yourself involved with include: picking up medicationmonitoring use of medicationwatching for side effects and bringing these to the attention of the doctor or psychiatrist so that medications can be switched or other medications added to counter the side effectsencouraging the person with schizophrenia to take their medication regularlyusing a medication calendar to keep track of useencouraging use of a pillbox or timerhelping with long-acting injectable medicationsstaying on top of potential drug interactionskeeping a list of medications and supplements that are being takenensuring that alcohol and drugs are not mixed with medicationkeeping a medication log so you can see what is working Therapy A person with schizophrenia may also attend therapy to manage symptoms. Examples might include cognitive-behavioral therapy, group therapy, life skills training, or social skills training. Your role as the caregiver could be to assist in getting the person to therapy, ensure that therapy is continued, or help with homework assignments. Social Support One of the critical pieces of the puzzle when caregiving for a person with schizophrenia is to ensure that both you and the other person have adequate social support. Social Support for the Person with Schizophrenia Below are some of the social supports that you as the caregiver may want to ensure are in place for the person with schizophrenia. Its important to realize that you cant do this all by yourself and that you will need to have backup help to do things like driving the person to appointments, taking them to the movies or visiting, or bringing meals. respite care (ask the doctor or caseworker for referrals)friends/family who have offered to helphire a coordinator (e.g., pay someone $100 a month to spend 5 hours building a support system for your loved one)other sources of support (e.g., shelter workers, roommates, case managers, clergy) Social Support for the Caregiver Dont forget about supporting yourself! It can be physically and emotionally exhausting looking after a person with schizophrenia. The more support that you have for yourself, the better you will be able to provide excellent care. Below are some ideas: join a support group with other people who are also caregiverscontact the National Alliance on Mental Illness for ongoing programs to support caregivers of those with mental illnesscontact Schizophrenics Anonymous for resources for friends/familytalk to friends, family, clergy, or a therapist if you are feeling burnt out Self-Care Practicing good self-care is important both for the person with schizophrenia and the caregiver. This doesnt mean just taking bubble baths; it means doing basic things to ensure that your well-being is a priority. Below are some examples: getting at least 30 minutes of exercise each dayeating a healthy, balanced dietnot abusing alcohol or drugsusing relaxation techniquesspending time with friendsgetting enough sleepengaging in enjoyable activitiesusing mindfulness or breathing techniquesmaintain a sense of humor Remember that the illness will take an emotional toll on both of you in terms of feeling frustrated, angry, fearful, guilty, or helpless. Always be sure to meet your own needs first and be accepting of the negative feelings that you have so that you find ways to cope instead of ignoring the problem. Crisis Plan Do you have a plan of what you will do in a crisis situation? The first thing to know is the signs of relapse, such as trouble sleeping, social withdrawal, lack of personal hygiene, paranoia, hostility, hallucinations, etc. As a caregiver for a person with schizophrenia, its important to know what to do in a crisis. Below are some key things you should have in place: all contact information (doctor, therapist, hospital, family and friends to provide childcare if needed)a plan on how to deal with acute psychosis (remain calm, validate underlying fears, dont argue about the delusions, and gently redirect conversations to safe topics)a plan to get them help (suggest seeing the doctor for a specific symptom such as insomnia; if they are resistant, let them choose which professional to see so that they feel more in control) Remember that as a caregiver, your job is to advocate for your family member even when they might be turning against you. You need to help the doctor understand the situation and stay connected to the treatment plan. Without your help, your loved one may not be able to manage basic tasks like eating, dressing, and finding shelter in a crisis. Remember that the sooner you can get them help, the better off they will be. Above all else, be sure to discuss the emergency care plan with the person when they are not in crisis. This will help reduce the feeling of being threatened when you actually find yourself in the situation. Finally, keep a diary of symptoms so that you can quickly tell when things have changed and relapse may have begun. Coping Skills/Self Help The more that a person with schizophrenia can do for themselves, the better off they will be in terms of their own self-esteem and having hope for the future. For this reason, as a caregiver, you should be encouraging the use of coping skills and self-help strategies for areas of life that are affected by the illness. For example, you could help your family member to set realistic goals that encourage taking action and striving for success in life, while at the same time alleviating some stress for this individual. In this way, you are helping to empower the person with schizophrenia by helping them to do all that they are capable of doing. Dealing with Stigma As a family caregiver, you might also worry about stigma that you may face due to the behavior of the person with schizophrenia. You might even feel tempted to hide their illness; however, this will only reinforce the stigma. Instead, try to be accepting of their illness while also working toward them living the best life possible. Living Arrangements A person with schizophrenia needs a stable place to live. Deciding where that will be depends on how well they can care for themselves and how much supervision they need. Living with the caregiver is often the best option if feasible, unless the person has serious issues that require a more supervised environment, such as substance abuse, medication refusal, or other behavioral issues. If there are other people in your home, its also important to consider the impact on them, particularly young children. Other options include a residential treatment facility or 24-hour care facility, a group home, or a supervised apartment. A Word From Verywell If you are a caregiver for a person with schizophrenia, it is important to strike a balance between providing the best care that you can and not burning yourself out. If you find that you are struggling to provide help, reach out to the care team and ask for referrals for support. While it may be tempting to try and do it all yourself, the role you have taken on involves a great deal of strain, and you will eventually need support. At the very least, try to join a group that can offer you support and with whom you can discuss problems and find solutions. Finally, be aware that your role as caregiver is crucially important for the person with schizophrenia. In a very literal sense, you may be the only one keeping that person from unemployment, homelessness, and other negative consequences of the illness. You should be proud of the work you are doing and recognize how critically important it is. Never underestimate the difference you are making for that person and how much their life has been impacted through your help. Living With Schizophrenia lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-84312549528604081762020-05-20T06:06:00.001-07:002020-05-20T06:06:02.808-07:00Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children, Power Relationships... Introduction This essay explores how unaccompanied asylum seeking children (UASC) are oppressed in the UK. An unaccompanied asylum seeking child is a person under the age of eighteen who has left their country of origin in order to seek refuge and is ââ¬Ëseparated from both parents and are not being cared for by an adult who, by law or custom has responsibility to do soââ¬â¢ (UNHCR, 1994:121). They are therefore applying for asylum in their own right. Discrimination is the process of identifying that someone is different and, due to this difference, treating them unfairly (Thompson, 2006). Xenoracism is discrimination that is aimed at people specifically because they are from a different country, and are therefore ââ¬Ëstrangersââ¬â¢ (Sivanandan,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Power is ââ¬Ëthe capacity to act in such a way as to control othersââ¬â¢ (Harris, 1997:28). He argues that everyone has at least some power, and that this power, for the relatively powerless, can be used to influence the decisions of the dominant group. Unaccompanied asylum seeking children not disclosing information can be seen as them exercising the little power they have. This can however have a negative impact on their lives in the UK, for example, being placed under section 17 of the Children Act instead of under section 20, which would offer the child more support. Foucault (1977) uses discourse to relate to how language can be used to construct ideas and thoughts about groups. Discourses and language can therefore help construct or reduce oppression (Thompson, 2006). If a group has power, they have the ââ¬Ëability and opportunity to fulfil or obstruct personal, relational, or collective needsââ¬â¢ (Prilleltensky, 2008). If the dominant discourse of a less powerful group is positive, the group with power may help that group fulfil their needs. If the dominant discourse of a less powerful group is negative, such as with UASC, the powerful group may obstruct them in fulfilling their needs, and therefore will cause oppression. Innes (2010) argues that the negative discourse of asylum seekers as a threat to British society is portrayed in government literature lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-53384562658762175772020-05-06T23:06:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:06:20.913-07:00Understanding the Function of Markets Through Different... Understanding the Function of Markets Through Different Theoretical Perspectives The aim of this essay is to answer the 2 parts of the provided question. In the first part I will discuss the different markets models and how those different models describe the way markets function. While the second part will discuss how and why markets are limited and failure cases happens. An example case of a market failure is to be provided to assist this part of the discussion, and for this purpose I chose the affect of SARS in the airline and tourism markets as an example. How the use of different theoretical perspectives can help us in understanding how markets function Markets are a mechanism whichâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Dynamic Competition: Schumpeters view of this model of competitive markets stands on the basis of competition over innovations in products and process and not price competition. So firms that do not move ahead faster than their competitors will fall behind and eventually will go out of business. This process of innovate or go bust is what Schumpeter calls creative destruction. The result of such creative destruction would be a regular changing structure of the economy and improving living standards over the years. According to Schumpeter we should not put too much emphasis on static efficiency related to perfect competition because this tends to kill technological change. Instead we should recognize that some degree of monopoly power is a necessity to keep going the process of infrastructure growth and development. The main features of this model are: - Short term monopolies are useful to enable firms to accumulate the required resources. - Large firms are important in the evolutionary procedure of the economy; and - Markets operate under this view achieve reduction in cost and improvement in quality which results from two sources: à · Technological advances à · Economies of scale. Some opposing argument would be that this model does allow a problem of monopoly, which governments need toShow MoreRelatedSociology and Coffee Essays881 Words à |à 4 PagesWriting Assignment #1 Coffee is a beverage that is globally consumed, but also a product that has different values in different parts of the world. The role coffee plays in society differs around the world, from the farmers who grew the crops to the people who constantly consume them. Social theoretical perspectives are capable of showing the different roles coffee has in different societies. 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Theoretical definitions of entrepreneurship reflect a diverse set of ideas about the role of entrepreneurship lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-28843779440515349642020-05-06T07:29:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:29:36.733-07:001960ââ¬â¢s Fashion Free Essays Choose any decade in recent history and describe how ââ¬ËStyleââ¬â¢ defined the period- 1960ââ¬â¢s Emergence from the devastation that hit Britain during the Second World War, Britain in the 60ââ¬â¢s was one that broke many fashion traditions, generated new social movements and defined the period with its style. ââ¬Å"There was to be an end to the age of shoddy, to the post-war period of ââ¬Ëmaking doââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ ¦ swinging London was confident enough now to wage a war of independence. â⬠(Jackson, 1998 p35) The post war industrial boom was affecting lifestyles and in particular, it was the the Youth culture that benefitted mostly from this shift in movement. We will write a custom essay sample on 1960ââ¬â¢s Fashion or any similar topic only for you Order Now There was emphasis on the youth and ââ¬ËThe Lookââ¬â¢ that began to displace the ââ¬ËNew lookââ¬â¢ of the post war period. Becoming more open minded, independent and culturally aware were all things that the youth began to adopt, along with disposable income. Benefits from the post war industrial boom encouraged this new attitude towards money and the way it could be spent. â⬠¦commercial success stories, many related to retailing of one sort of another, with fashion and home furnishings being at the fore front of the consumer revolution. Because this was a time of virtually full employment and economic prosperity, consumers had more money to spend than ever before. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p35) The style and attitude towards fashion had changed, and it became a passion rather then a necessity. Music in the 60ââ¬â¢s had a strong influential bond with fashion and style that had never been so closely linked. This unison created distinctive style of dress, developing from Beatnik, Teddy Boys and Mods. The attitude towards style had become very open and people began to gain confidence in their own development of sense of style. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ music and attitudes that could be understood at a glance. And the freedom that fashion allowed in the sixties meant that everyone could dress up. â⬠(Connikie, 1990, p7) The Beatles were the band that represented the forefront of menââ¬â¢s fashion. They developed styles for each new record release and in 1963 they had portrayed the distinctive collarless Cardin Suits and collar-length hair. This recognisable hair cut became instantly noticeable in the youth culture. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦became a universal sign of rebellious youth. â⬠(Connikie, 1990, p36) The Beatles also adopted a similarity to the ââ¬Å"modââ¬â¢ style, however denied connections with the culture as they wanted to appeal to all, the music and the culture both interrupted Britain at the similar time. Before the Mods culture emerged in Britain, former sub cultures such as Teddy Boys built the bridges to allow people to challenge style and create a culture. Teddy boys also lead the way for a growing male interest in fashion, making it socially acceptable. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦male interest in fashion in Britain was mostly associated with the underground homosexual subcultureââ¬â¢s flamboyant dressing stylesâ⬠(Mod subculture, website, 2010) These cultures would have developed from the New Romantics as they became more out spoken and familiar. As the subcultures faded in the early 1960ââ¬â¢s, the Mod style, short for ââ¬ËModernsââ¬â¢ were prime examples of what the Swinging Sixties were classed as: youth, mobility, fashion and a strong interest in music. The majority of people who adopted this culture were young adults. The styles included; the Harrington jacket, Fishtail green parka, polo shirts, turtle necks, roll necks, slim fitting, high collared shirts, loafers, dessert boots, tailored 60ââ¬â¢s jacket and straight leg trouser or jeans. They would drive scooters as it was an easy accessible mode of transport, it became a distinctive part of the culture, all based around style and the overall look. The attitudes around this culture was desirable to the youth but could be described as troublesome for others. Rifts between the Mods and Rockers caused public display of violence in Brighton 1964, the riot scene was recreated in the film ââ¬ËQuadropheniaââ¬â¢, produced by the classic cult band of the period, The Who, who were popular with the Mods. Mods were seen as usually city dwellers with well paid office jobs and looked presentable, whereas Rockers tended to be rural, and classed as out of touch, oafish and grubby. This style clash shows the importance of the cults and how important being united together was. It also shows how influential style could become. Styles changed slightly throughout the Mod culture and it adopted a new Italian/ French style, introduced a smooth, sophisticated look that enhanced the tailor made feel. Crew necks, pointed toe leather shoes were a few additions to the culture. Due to this style, a period of pushing boundaries and experimentation was nigh. The use of recreational drugs was something that the culture influenced. Nicknamed ââ¬Ëpurple heartsââ¬â¢ Mods would use the drug when out at night to get a buzz and stimulation. Mods used amphetamines to extend their leisure time into the early hours of the morning and as a way of bridging the wide gap between their hostile and daunting everyday work lives and the ââ¬Ëinner worldââ¬â¢ of dancing and dressing up in their off-hours. â⬠(Mod subculture, website, 2011) Some male Mods experimented with challenging the social gender norms by wearing makeup to enhance their appearance and women began to substitute an androgynous style of wearing clothes. Hair was being cut short, the wear of menââ¬â¢s garments and little make up worn. This obsession Mods had with clothes and styles allowed acceptance to the idea of experimentation and added a sense of rebellion to social norms. Attitudes towards women in the Mod culture were also influential, young mod men accepted the idea that women did not have to be attached to a man and that they can become independent and have a source of income etc. This presentable image was said to make non-subculture aspects of life easier and more equal to that of the male Mods. Miniskirts defined the period of change in the attitude towards the length of womenââ¬â¢s clothing and how much reveal is accepted. This initial style pushed the boundaries and as a result has changed the attitude ever since. ââ¬Å"Female Mods pushed the boundaries if parental tolerance with their miniskirts, which got progressively shorter between the early and mid 1960ââ¬â¢sâ⬠(Mods subculture, website, 2011) Models such as Twiggy and Jean Shrimpton were pinnacle to the fashion industry during the 1960ââ¬â¢s. They promoted and exposed the new changing styles across the world, and in tern became a face of the period. Their style defined the period and Twiggyââ¬â¢s famous face is one that we automatically link to that of the 60ââ¬â¢s. ââ¬Å"With her waif like figure, boyish hair cut and striking eye lashes she created an image that would epitomise an era. Twiggy became the idol for millions of teenage girls of the sixties revolution. â⬠(Twiggy Lawson, website, 2008) She was one of the first supermodels and was/is an icon of the period. Mary Quant, a quintessential designer in the 60ââ¬â¢s, made keeping up with trends inexpensive and accessible to all young girls in the period. She popularised the mini skirt and became essential for developing the Mod-girl image. She also became a defining person of the 1960ââ¬â¢s and changed shopping experiences and attitudes to style by opening up a divergent store offering new cutting edge and orginal designs. These hand tailored designs had became desirable as each one was unique and became very popular with the youth culture. Design alone could not have brought about the revolution in taste and lifestyle that happened during the 1960ââ¬â¢sââ¬â¢ the key figure of the decade were the popularisers, those who actively and directly promoted ââ¬Ëthe lookââ¬â¢ and made it available to a mass audience. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p36) The British youth fashion was a lucrative market and Quant along with partner Alexander Plunket Greene opened a retail store in the Kings r oad called Bazaar. She designed and edited garments that became very desirable to the youth culture as it was accessible and new, in creating this idea Quant became a brand in herself. Mods were very conscious about clothing and buying the classic items. Gaining inspiration from the cults, Quant enhanced the promotion of them. In 1965 she wrote ââ¬Å"It is the Modsâ⬠¦ who gave the dress trade the impetus to break through the fast-moving, breathtaking, uprooting revolution in which we have been a part since the opening of Bazaar. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p43) This shows that style generated by cults, were particularly a large influence to help define the period and possible retail future. ââ¬â¢The Lookââ¬â¢ which she created was part of a wider movement encompassing photography, graphics and pop music along with domestic design, she was keenly aware of the significance of fashion in particular in pioneering change, and in leading and defining a shift in social attitudes. ââ¬Å" (Jackson, 1998, p43) the attitudes had become more relaxed and people wanted this to be shown through what they wear. Their attitude towards the clothes themselves and the idea of spending money had also changed. Because this was a time of virtually full employment and economic prosperity, consumers had more money to spend then ever before. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p35) Along with this designer, the male revolution and attitude towards style had also changed and shopping as an experience was one that in particular men enjoyed to. John Stephen owned 10 stores down Carnaby Street by 1966. Each store had a different feel and different name. These stores became a busy, exciting place to go and shopping became a leisurely past time, where as before it was a necessity-based experience. This encouraged the Mods, and people became to buy into the lifestyle they lead. These stores were the first to play music, allowing dancing, trying on, alterations and became a desired social experience. ââ¬ËSwinging London in 1966, what people were most interested in was shoppingâ⬠¦ Shopping became a primary leisure activity for young people, along with watching television and listening to pop music. Shopping was also an avenue for the expression of popular culture, both in terms of what was now being sold, and through the way shops were designed. ââ¬â¢ (Jackson, 1998, p36) ââ¬Å"That the fashion for shopping was perceived as being central to the revitalization of design in Britainâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬â¢Carnaby streetââ¬â¢ was widely used as a generic term for a particular type of design: brash, brightly coloured, with highly decorated surfaces, including the ubiquitous union jack. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p37) Carnaby street developed into a ââ¬Ëvirtual fashion paradeâ⬠⢠(1960ââ¬â¢s in Fashion, website, 2011) and said to sell not only clothes but also an attitude and was a key characteristic of innovation, iconoclasm and fun. They echoed the prevailing spirit of sexual and political revolutionâ⬠¦. Carnaby Street became synonymous with the idea of Swinging London. Using the skills of established Soho ââ¬Ërag tradeââ¬â¢, it sold relatively inexpensive, trend-driven merchandise that mirrored contemporary changes in society and culture. â⬠(VA, Fashion in 1960ââ¬â¢s, website, N. D) And was said to have ââ¬Ëpulled the rug from under contemporary or modernâ⬠(Hillier, 1998, p188) This generated look and concept about shopping was seen as an enjoyable past time was a desirable experience from other countries outside Britain. The consumer revolution had given Britain a new look, Post war ââ¬Å"Britain shed it fusty, olde-worlde image, and ââ¬Ëswinging Londonââ¬â¢, with it Beatlemania and Rolling Stones, its Carnaby Street and mini-skirts and Chelsea boutiques, became a world influence in lifestyle and fashion. â⬠(Hillier, 1998, p162) This defines the power Britain had to influence style in other countries, it was gaining a name in fashion and beginning to become a culture associated with Britain. The term ââ¬ËYouthquakeââ¬â¢ was used to describe the shift in attitudes towards style and shopping. It had defined the prosperity of future Britain and therefore defined this period as a statement that is very eminent. There was a consumer revolution as shopping experiences changed. ââ¬Å"The restrictive conventions and judgemental attitude of earlier decades were challengedâ⬠¦ shopping had a major impact on peoples lifestyles: by making available goods that people had never seen before. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p36) Lifestyle shops such as Habitat were introuced, they were pinnacle to defining the period and the consumer revolution. They had created a place where people would desire the lifestyle and living accommodations that they created visually instore. Mary Quant had influenced Terrence Conran, the founder of Habitat, as he admired young fashion designers that had challenged the norms and had drawn attention to the new market. Habitat was said to be ââ¬Å"probably the single most important domestic design phenomenon in Britain during the 1960s. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p49). Habitat was recognised across seas that had inspired particularly Americans and Scandinavians to change the way of retail and style. â⬠¦in 1966 that the international media suddenly discovered the London ââ¬Ësceneââ¬â¢ and decided that Britain has got ââ¬Ëthe lookââ¬â¢ which the rest of the world wanted. â⬠(Jackson, 1998, p40) Pivital to this revolution was originally the Cult styles founded by the youth culture. Cult styles changed rapidly in the 1960ââ¬â¢s, but had almost defined the period due to the influenc e they had caused. Due to constant shifts in style the Mods in particular had drifted away due to the changing styles, such as the Hippys. The ââ¬Ëharderââ¬â¢ moderns were rougher and became the first ââ¬Ëskinheadsââ¬â¢, another style interpreting the period. The consumer boom was very important in defining the period and this was lead on from the styles, the ever-changing youth Cults had created throughout the 1960ââ¬â¢s. These styles had influenced many revolutions such as breaking social norms, effecting shopping styles among other things. Style has definitely defined the period as Britain was out of the war and ready for a new social boom, style has become instantly recognizable to the period. The cults are still guiding design now, and we recognise the period due to the style and design movements there were. Retail and designers both use influences from periods in time and the Cult styles are reborn. Designers such as Fred Perry have adopted influences from the Mod culture with their polo shirts and jackets; this look is very widespread and has almost re created the culture in the sense that the style becomes very popular. This is available to see throughout fashion and retail and the period is still defined by the style created by the youth culture. Vintage fashion has become very apparent and people are beginning to mock different eras to show individuality. This shows the style defining periods are very much important today. How to cite 1960ââ¬â¢s Fashion, Essay examples lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-81055965858687787642020-04-23T22:02:00.001-07:002020-04-23T22:02:03.323-07:00Swot Analysis of Toyota Essay Example For Students Swot Analysis of Toyota Essay We have analyzed Porterââ¬â¢s Five Forces of Toyota and PESTEL Model of Toyota. Therefore in this station. I will name the SWOT of Toyota. 1. Opportunities -Recovery of car industry: The automotive industry showed the marks of recovery. which is predicted to be gradual. The market will make a volume of 129. 9 million units in 2013 ( Durbin. and Krisher. 2010 ) . This provides positive information to the automotive makers and stimulation to the investors. -Hybrid electric vehicles: The increasing energy costs and rigorous emanation ordinances enhance the demand of the intercrossed electric vehicles because of its high fuel efficiency. We will write a custom essay on Swot Analysis of Toyota specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It is estimated it will make 4. 0 million units by 2015. Besides US. Western Europe and Japan. China is estimated to be following big market. -Opportunities in Asiatic market: The Asiatic automotive market became the chief increasing point and is estimated to increase in the undermentioned several old ages. Therefore. the automotive corporations should concentrate on the Asiatic markets. such as China. and India. 2. Threats -Competition in the planetary automotive market: The world-wide automotive market is extremely competitory. and becomes stronger due to the globalisation. which is involved into every factor of automotive. The competition may take to cut down the car unit gross revenues. which may act upon the companyââ¬â¢s fiscal status. -Tightening emanation criterions: The fastening emanation criterions adopted by the EU increase the extra costs for merchandise development. proving and fabricating operations for the automotive industries. 3. Strengths -Leading trade name acknowledgment: Toyota is one of the taking automotive trade names in the universe. And its trade name Lexus values around $ 3. 1 billion. The other trade names Corolla. Camry. Sienna. Prius and Scion are popular. The taking trade name image gives it important competitory advantage and charge premium monetary values. -Focus on R A ; D activities: Toyota strongly focuses on R A ; D to spread out its merchandise. The companyââ¬â¢s strong focal point on R A ; D allows it to continue the technological leading in most of its merchandise sections. It has besides enabled Toyota to develop advanced merchandises. taking to strong gross revenues. -Strong distribution web: The company has a strong distribution web. Strong distribution web helps Toyota to better its gross revenues and to beef up its market place all over the universe. -Toyota production system: The Just-in-Time and Jidoka Production System will assist Toyota to construct quality with the low defects and costs. 4. Failings -Lapses in merchandise quality: Toyota announced two callbacks late that cover some of its most popular theoretical accounts. and recalled approximately 10 million vehicles across the universe. These recalls non merely cut down the portion monetary values. but besides impact the trade name image and the consumer assurance. -The unfunded pension: In 2009. there was about $ 6537. 7 million unfunded for the projected pension and post-retirement benefit. There are some unfunded retirement pensions in Toyota. which may act upon the hard currency flows. lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-34310562175651246642020-03-17T16:47:00.001-07:002020-03-17T16:47:03.229-07:00Martin Guerre essaysMartin Guerre essays During the period of the Renaissance in France in the sixteenth century, people had renewed interest in learning and values. Writers began rejecting accepted religious beliefs and focused more on human nature. This brought about a new way of life for people in France. In Natalie Zemon Davis The Return of Martin Guerre, an account of a man, Arnaud du Tilh, impersonating Martin Guerre shows us first hand the way of life during this time. An imposter, at this time, would be particularly frowned upon in society and would face rather harsh consequences. Davis proposes many possibilities regarding the story of Martin Guerre. Firstly, had the two men met? Davis proposes that Guerre and du Tilh had, indeed, met in their travels, whether it had been brief or extensive. Had they conspired? Perhaps Guerre trained du Tilh to be like himself. Yet, it seems to Davis, Guerre had never met du Tilh. As Davis says, a man du Tilh met who mistook him for Guerre sparked his eccentric idea to forge the identity of a somewhat well-off peasant with an estate left to him. Whatever the case may have been, du Tilh went along with this scheme. Regardless of the answers to the previous stated questions, people in the town took this imposter in as the real Martin. Perhaps this was because he told his accounts of the past so accurately, so precise, that no one could truly deny it was him. With that in mind, Davis also presents the perplexing question as to how his own wife didnt detect he was a phony. Another credible and realistic point is made by Davis. Most likely, Bertrande knew he was not her real husband, as Davis believes she is a somewhat intelligent woman, yet she did not care. For many years, there was a missing role in their family as a father, husband, brother, son, and nephew. Now that he returned this void is filled. Life is made easier on Bertrande, and the rest of the family as well. Davis th... lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-34698037319223416842020-03-01T08:34:00.001-08:002020-03-01T08:34:02.717-08:00How to Design a Pen Pal Program for Your ClassroomHow to Design a Pen Pal Program for Your Classroom A pen pals program is one of the most fun ways to give your kids a real-life lesson in Social Studies, Language Arts, Geography, and more. Begin working on pen pals with your students as early in the school year as possible, so that you can maximize the number of letters that the participants can exchange. The Benefits of Pen Pals Pen pal relationships offer a number of significant inter-disciplinary benefits for your students, including: valuable practice at writing letters in the proper format (Language Arts standard)increased awareness of societies and cultures from around the world (can be tied into Social Studies, Geography, and more!)a chance to maintain ongoing communication with people who live far awayincreased odds that your students will continue to be letter writers for the rest of their lives Email or Snail Mail? As a teacher, you must decide if you want your students to gain practice at writing traditional letters or at composing emails. I prefer to use pencil-and-paper pen pals because I want to contribute to keeping the lost art of traditional letter writing alive. Youll want to consider: the grade level you are teachingthe availability of computers at your schoolthe level of computer literacy of your students Finding Pen Pals for Your Kids Using the Internet, its fairly simple to find enthusiastic counterparts from around the world who would like to partner up with your classroom. Post an announcement on an education-related Message Board. Simply put the word out about where you are, the grade level of your students, and what kind of pen pal relationship you seek. Every summer, our Message Board bustles with pen pal activity, so it should be fairly easy for you to partner up.Sign up with a Pen Pal matching service. For example,ââ¬â¹ ââ¬â¹International Pen Friends shuns email pals in favor of keeping the art of traditional letter writing alive. Fill out their School Class Application Form and, for a fee, youll be matched up with other interested students from around the world. ePALS is one of the largest email pen pal sites, so its definitely worth a visit if you want to go the email route. Keep Pen Pals Safe and Secure In todays society, you need to take extra precautions in order to keep activities safe, especially where children are concerned. Read Internet Safety Tips for Kids in order to minimize the risks involved with pen pal communications. You should also read through the letters your students write to make sure they arent giving away any personal information, such as their home addresses, or family secrets. Its better to be safe than sorry. Get Connected and Get Started As your Pen Pal program continues, one of the keys to success is keeping in close contact with the teacher you are working with. Drop him or her a quick email to let them know when they can expect your letters to arrive. Determine ahead of time if you are going to send each letter individually or in one big batch. I would recommend sending them in one big batch just to keep it simpler for you. Explore the wide world of Pen Pal resources on the web and get ready for a school year full of new friends and fun filled letters. No matter how you choose to design your classrooms pen pal program, your students are sure to benefit from the interactions you facilitate. lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-35820074204285847062020-02-14T00:01:00.001-08:002020-02-14T00:01:02.522-08:00Illustrating your answer in reference to Chocolat (1988) and secondary EssayIllustrating your answer in reference to Chocolat (1988) and secondary reading, answer the following question. Give reasons for - Essay Example The substance of this prose will examine the role of the non-mainstream media in dealing with these issues in the light of Claire Denisââ¬â¢ movie titled Chocolat. Chocolat provides an interesting insight into the dynamics of race and colonialism. It is set in the remote region of Cameroon and tells the story from the perspective of a European child, whose father is the colonial administrator. The story is slow paced and has no real elements of a commercial film. There is hardly any exchange of dialogues between the characters and most of the actions and events in the story are left open-ended for the viewers to interpret. The narratorââ¬â¢s mother and her servant weave the main conflict of the story; the latter being a well-built Cameroonian with integrity and moral fibre that goes unnoticed because of his race, while the former is a lonely housewife. The movie incorporates visual elements that seek to explain the Westââ¬â¢s sexual fascination with the inhabitants of their colonized territories; the African people in this case. It is understandable that the African culture is indeed exotic, but it is not just a sexual preference but depicts a greater need to dominate the people that they now own. The Africans were just seen as slaves but the attitude of their colonizers continues to mould their perception of contemporary Europeans and the non-Mainstream media often shows a glimpse of it from time to time. I. Claire Denisââ¬â¢ Chocolat (1988) The movie is set against the backdrop of French colonialism of the West African region. The plot is propelled forward through the flashbacks of a woman named France travelling around the outskirts of Cameroon, who manages to get a lift from an African American man passing by. While on the road, she is flooded with the memories of her childhood and reminisces about the time when her father was the Colonial Administrator of Cameroon, which forms the subsequent parts of the story. The entire story is told from the perspective of young France, who is befriended by their handsome African servant, Protee. France has a beautiful companionship with the houseboy, but unbeknownst to her, her young, attractive mother harbours romantic feelings for Protee, which are hinted to be mutual and serves as the prime complication in the story. Her desire for Protee is further escalated by the fact that her husband, Franceââ¬â¢s father is scarcely present around the house. The house is set in a remote locale, in order to fully focus on the emotional development of a handful of characters. The sexual tension between Aimee and Protee is a fundamental theme throughout the story, because Aimee cultivated such desires for a man who was not anywhere close to her race. She was the colonist, whereas Protee was the slave; in the eyes of the society, any kind of courtship or romance was completely out of question and was tabooed by the then-society. The African slaves were reduced to a status of a sub-human form and were denied privacy, whilst their Colonial Lords had every single ounce of that luxury. Protee often bathed in the open, while he was being silently watched by Aimee. It is ostensible that Aimee developed her sexual desires for him because of these minor occurrences and the absence of her husband led to the mounting of her sexual frustration. Even when lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-42597173348030799602020-02-01T14:20:00.001-08:002020-02-01T14:20:02.826-08:00The Drunkard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsThe Drunkard - Essay Example As the story unfolds, each new event hits the reader with an unexpected scenario. Larry lives up to his task and gets Mick out of the pub, sober and early, though not in any way the reader can imagine. O'Connor's tenacity at weaving reality into a humorous irony leads to an unexpected ending to their adventure. One of the most remarkable aspects of O'Connor is that he uses everyday situations and language to paint his humor. When they are burying Mr. Dooley you could feel the simple self gratification of Mick's attendance when he experiences, "a pleasant awareness that however much he would miss poor Mr. Dooley in the long summer evenings, it was he and not poor Mr. Dooley who would do the missing". Mick was glad to be alive and looking forward to the pub. He whispers to his friend Crowley, "We'll be making tracks before they break up". Bolting toward the pub before the last prayer falls silent he worries "in a crowd like that a man might be kept waiting". Once safely on a barstool he orders some lager beer and turns to chat with his friend Crowley. As his back is turned, young Larry decides to taste Mick's beer. Once again, O'Connor turns the mundane into a comedy with the use of plain language and lack of props. After tasting the bitter brew Larry recalls, "I was astonished that he could even drink such stuff. lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-39543500439490952962020-01-24T10:44:00.001-08:002020-01-24T10:44:03.436-08:00Hydroelectric vs Nuclear Power Essays -- essays research papers Together nuclear power plants and hydroelectric dams provide about 50% of the power generated for the United States doing so in a clean and efficient manner. Both systems have their ups and down, radiation and disrupting ecosystems for example, but their benefits far outweigh the small risks and problems they create. We have progressed in leaps and bounds in power development making these two much safer and efficient than most other ways to generate electricity. à à à à à Hydroelectric dams create a substantial amount of efficient clean power using a renewable resource. Because water is used to generate the power there are no emissions of greenhouse gases to pollute the environment. Running out of water is also not a problem seeing as we would have much bigger problems on our hands if such a thing happened. Dams also do good for the community as well, creating recreational areas, providing a tourist attraction, and controlling flooding. Hydroelectric dams are also not very complex often going years without needing repairs, and if they do the parts are all simple and can be replaced at low cost and quickly. There are so many positives to the dams that it is very easy to look overt the small amount of negative effects they have on us. à à à à à Though hydroelectric dams have many positive effects on society there are some problems that come with it as well. Tough hydroelectric dams seem to be environmentally friendly, they can gravely ... Hydroelectric vs Nuclear Power Essays -- essays research papers Together nuclear power plants and hydroelectric dams provide about 50% of the power generated for the United States doing so in a clean and efficient manner. Both systems have their ups and down, radiation and disrupting ecosystems for example, but their benefits far outweigh the small risks and problems they create. We have progressed in leaps and bounds in power development making these two much safer and efficient than most other ways to generate electricity. à à à à à Hydroelectric dams create a substantial amount of efficient clean power using a renewable resource. Because water is used to generate the power there are no emissions of greenhouse gases to pollute the environment. Running out of water is also not a problem seeing as we would have much bigger problems on our hands if such a thing happened. Dams also do good for the community as well, creating recreational areas, providing a tourist attraction, and controlling flooding. Hydroelectric dams are also not very complex often going years without needing repairs, and if they do the parts are all simple and can be replaced at low cost and quickly. There are so many positives to the dams that it is very easy to look overt the small amount of negative effects they have on us. à à à à à Though hydroelectric dams have many positive effects on society there are some problems that come with it as well. Tough hydroelectric dams seem to be environmentally friendly, they can gravely ... lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-67423049582702199992020-01-16T07:08:00.001-08:002020-01-16T07:08:03.323-08:00Elements of the Play EssayEugene Oââ¬â¢Neillââ¬â¢s The Hairy Ape play revolves around Bob Smith, or Yank, showing that the Transatlantic Liner fireman has had an extremely painful past. Having been brought up in an unstable family, Yank nurses feelings of hatred towards society in general and utter desperation. To begin with, Yankââ¬â¢s father was abusive, a situation that forced the son to escape following the death of his mother. Yank also explains that his parents used to fight so hard that they usually damaged the family furniture. Eventually, Yank is isolated by all persons, a scenario that compels him to seek companionship with an ape that finally kills him. The theme of Oââ¬â¢Neillââ¬â¢s play is how Yank ââ¬â a contemporary man, struggles in an industrial society. To illustrate this theme, Yank sadly realizes that he is unable to transcend existing ideological or class barriers. Moreover, Yank is unable to develop new barriers. In effect, Yank is merely an outsider who finally closely resembles an entity that is caged in a zoo at which people point. To illustrate Yankââ¬â¢s inability to rise above class barriers, Mildred Douglas becomes so scared of Yankââ¬â¢s physical appearance that she flees in apprehension. Mildred has gone to check on Yank and his fellow Ocean Liner firemen as they feed coal into the sea vesselââ¬â¢s engine. The sight of Yank visible frightens Mildred such that she seeks protection from Yankââ¬â¢ colleagues. Mildred even calls Yank a huge ââ¬Ëhairy apeââ¬â¢ (Oââ¬â¢Neill 154). This incidence thus shows that Yank cannot be socially at par with Mildred despite the fact that he works towards facilitating the continuation of the business interests of people of Mildredââ¬â¢s class. This struggle continues throughout the play up to the time Yank desperately seeks companionship with an ape that ultimately kills him. Oââ¬â¢Neillââ¬â¢s play is set in various locations which serve to demonstrate that low class people like Yank endure get suffering under their upper-class counterparts. Initially, Yank and his colleagues are aboard a sea vessel enjoying themselves by drinking. Yank is however contemplatively quiet, a fact that makes his colleagues to urge him to ââ¬ËDrink, donââ¬â¢t think! ââ¬â¢ (Oââ¬â¢Neill 142). Yank also laments that ââ¬Ëde woild owns meââ¬â¢ alluding to his save-like condition in the sea vessel (Oââ¬â¢Neill 278). Mildred also comes in as Yank works on the Ocean Liner alongside his colleagues. Next, Yank accompanies Long as the 2 tour New York. As he tries to capture attention, Yank makes someone miss a bus. Yak is thus arrested and incarcerated on Blackwellââ¬â¢s Island. As he converses with fellow prisoners, Yank explains his desire to revenge in Mildred. He is thus advised to become a member of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). Yank thus realizes that Mildredââ¬â¢s father has metaphorically and physically caged him. Afterwards, Yank visits the IWW offices. He is however rebuffed on suspicion that he is spying for the government. He then visits a zoo whereby he tries to seek the companionship of an ape that kills him. Yankââ¬â¢s hopelessness sis reflected in his statement ââ¬ËI couldnââ¬â¢t belong in datââ¬â¢ (Oââ¬â¢Neill 298). All these incidences, from the Ocean Liner all the way to the zoo, illustrate Yankââ¬â¢s situation of being segregated and detained by society. Yank seems to be illiterate based on his mispronunciation of the word ââ¬Ëthinkââ¬â¢ whereby he inserted says ââ¬Ëtinkââ¬â¢ (Oââ¬â¢Neill 96). In addition hi desire to engage in thought shows that he is a contemplative person. Moreover, through his reaction to Mildredââ¬â¢s unkind gesture and statement, Yank is shown to be very sensitive. The philosophical side of Yank plays out when he tries to informs the ape that both Yank and the gorilla are alike since they are caged. Works Cited Oââ¬â¢Neill, Eugene. The Hairy Ape: Anna Christie And The First Man. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2004. lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-52703083379228172702020-01-08T03:31:00.001-08:002020-01-08T03:31:03.695-08:00The Long Term Effects Of Child Maltreatment - 1946 Words INTRODUCTION The conceptualisation of the long-term effects of child maltreatment reflects the surrounding circumstances which expose child abuse as a common event. Childhood abuse is a growing epidemic which evokes extreme emotional responses both privately and publicly and is viewed as a risk factor for an extensive variety of consequent problems. 2014 demonstrated that over 137,585 child abuse cases involving 99,210 Australian children were investigated (Australian Institute of Family Studies 2015). Abuse is categorised into neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse and emotional abuse. Contrary to the implied supposition that emotional abuse is less injurious in comparison to sexual and physical abuse, emotional abuse ranked as the most commonly substantiated harm type in Victoria, Western Australia, Tasmania and the Australia Capital Territory (AIFS 2015). Childhood abuse occurs throughout a period where complex and ordered changes occur within a childââ¬â¢s physiological, psychological and s ociological being. The following report will accentuate how the state of flux instigated by childhood abuse leaves children susceptible harmful consequences that will pervert or prevent a normal developmental procedure. Through psychological and physiological wellbeing, adult delinquency and the effects on different genders readers will be able to identify the harmful consequences childhood abuse places on victims and survivors. PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL WELLBEING ChildhoodShow MoreRelatedThe Long Term Effects Of Child Maltreatment On Adult Survivors898 Words à |à 4 PagesPREVENTING AND TREATING THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF CHILD MALTREATMENT ON ADULT SURVIVORS Child maltreatment is a term that covers a broad spectrum of child mistreatment including, child abuse (physical, sexual, and emotional) and child neglect (emotional and physical). Long term effects of child maltreat vary depending on the severity of the abuse or neglect and the length of time that the child is exposed to the abuse (i.e. if it is a onetime event or ongoing chronic exposure). As Greeson, et alRead MoreHow Maltreatment of a Child Can Have Long Term Effects793 Words à |à 4 PagesChild abuse is considered socially unacceptable, unfortunately it happens every day. The effects from childhood maltreatment are long lasting and potentially life threatening. Childhood maltreatment is an act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or other care giver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child (Saha, 2012, p. 213). Child abuse acts are committed behind closed doors and lack the necessary attention they need to be prevented. 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Dixon American Public University Consequences of Maltreatment on Childrenââ¬â¢s Development ââ¬Å"27% percent, of the 702,000 victims of Childhood Maltreatment, are under the age of Three.â⬠(Child Maltreatment, 2014) The World Health Organization defines child maltreatment as ââ¬Å"abuse and neglect that occurs to children under 18 years of age.â⬠(Child Maltreatment, 2016) -Examples of Child Maltreatment include:Read MoreThe Long Term Health Consequences Of Child Physical Abuse Essay1729 Words à |à 7 PagesAbstract This article paper aims at providing an overview of the article ââ¬Å"The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysisâ⬠by Norman, et.al. The research aims at highlighting the evidence that relates child physical and sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect with the subsequent mental and physical health outcomes. Child physical abuse, emotional violence, sexual assault, and neglect are some of the most severe concernsRead MoreDesign Research Proposal1022 Words à |à 5 PagesDesign The research question for this research proposal is: is participation in a Housing First program effective in preventing reoccurrences of child maltreatment with families who have a history of housing instability? This research proposal will examine the hypothesis: Families with a history of instability will be less likely to commit child maltreatment when they are enrolled in a Housing First program as compared to those who are not enrolled. A longitudinal design study will be used to test theRead MoreEmotional Trauma Within The Family1568 Words à |à 7 Pagesillicit drugs in the past year (Journal of Child and Family Social Work). Children exposed to parental substance abuse are at an increased risk for various problems such as, emotional and behavioral disorders, poor developmental outcomes, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect (Child Welfare League of America, 2001). Mental health professionals recognize two additional problems, which include emotional abuse and seconda ry abuse that occurs when a child witnesses abusive behavior between the parentsRead MoreAbuse993 Words à |à 4 PagesChild Neglect 1 Running Head: CHILD NEGLECT Child Neglect Sahar Taki American University of Culture and Education Eng 260 Child Neglect 2 Abstract Study results found evidence that the apparent negative effects of maltreatment on childrenââ¬â¢s tendency to engage in crime were real. Being maltreated was found to almost double the probability of engaging in many types of crime and the effects were worst for children. Sexual abuse appeared to have the largest effects on crimeRead MoreTheories Of Explaining Behavior Through Observation1719 Words à |à 7 Pages Adolescent Psychology Term Paper Jamila Williams Tuskegee University Behavioral psychology is based on the concept of explaining behavior through observation. Behaviorists, psychologist that study behavior, believe a person can be understood through observing their behavior. This school of psychology assumes that we are born as a blank state and everyone is equal. However, environmental factors are what leads to us behaving differently from one another. American Psychologist and FounderRead MoreChild Abuse Is An Effect On Children1657 Words à |à 7 Pageswere for neglect. Child abuse has an effect on the children. It not only affects them physically but in many other ways as well. Psychological abuse, verbal abuse, psychical abuse, sexual abuse and neglect need to be put to a stop. Looking at the statistics of child abuse in 2005 child abuse was on a rise according to NCANDS who latest statistics showed that in 2005 and estimated 3.3 million referrals of child abuse and neglect were received by public social services and or child protective service lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-31048736695699074812019-12-30T23:57:00.001-08:002019-12-30T23:57:03.585-08:00Analysis of the Documentary the Queen of Versailles In the documentary Queen of Versailles, Jackie and David Siegal show the hardships of being one of the most wealthy people in the country. In the beginning of the documentary, everything in their life is close to perfect. They are a wealthy couple, have children and are building their dream house also the largest house in America. Everything was going well for them until the 2008 financial crisis occurred in which the real estate market collapsed. Although the weeks reading were hard to interpret, some of the things in them were clearly seen in the documentary. One of the first things I noticed was how many children the Siegal family had. They have seven of their own kids and one that Jackie took in from her sister. With so many children they needed over 3 nannies. All the nannies were from Spanish countries and they all worked in order to send money back to their families at home. Barbera Ehrenreich describes the process of coming to America and working as a house maid or nanny. Sin ce the Siegals have a huge house, they needed women to clean and take care of the house itself. This can also relate to the womanization articles as it is clear that these women from outside countries are doing things that is expected of women such as cooking, cleaning and taking care of children. It is clear that the kids have respect for the nannies since they spend more time with the nanny than with their parents. This can also relate to Wallersteins Soft Multilateralism article inShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words à |à 656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century togetherââ¬âone could add, for example, nationalism and decolonizationââ¬âthey cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrate lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-60646217535036837942019-12-22T19:43:00.001-08:002019-12-22T19:43:03.217-08:00No Chance Against Society Essay - 703 Words No Chance Against Society Throughout this world of unique individuals, the majority of human beings have generally conformed into different societal norms that follow one path and one dream without stopping to think of an alternative path. Complications step in front of individual prosperity and these obstacles spring from the pressures of the popular society. Within the short story, A Hunger Artist, by Franz Kafka, the author proves and disproves a point best stated by Robin George Collinwood, that; Perfect freedom is reserved for the man who lives by his own work and in that work, does what he wants to do. The protagonist, within this short story, freely chooses his career path as a hunger artist, but as the story continues, theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In the artists quest for superiority, he uses his suffering to produce a feeling more intense and emotional than his audience. Eventually, the audience loses interest in the hunger artist and is able to easily glimpse at the anguish and happily move pas t it. This combination of dependency, need for support, and feeling of superiority signifies the hunger artists endless dissatisfaction with himself. The society subconsciously pushes the hunger artist into a vicious cycle of suffrage as he continues to do what he claims to love, ultimately resulting in societal dominance. The hunger artist, at best, is in complete control over is pain and hunger as he exercises his free will to do what he chooses. Throughout the story, the hunger artist proves time and time again to be a living contradiction. At one point, the artist admits that fasting is easy, but at the end he confesses that he was simply never able to find any food he liked; For he alone knew....how easy it was to fast, But you shouldnt admire it...because I couldnt find the food I liked (Kafka). The hunger artist is constantly alienated from the world and is never accepted by society. Metaphorically speaking, the act of fasting represents suffrage and an abused free will. Had the world been more compliant to this unique profession, the hunger artist would not have suffered and good could have sparked from all this. As the society moves in one direction, the one that chooses to take the path lessShow MoreRelatedGender Differences And Gender Inequality1717 Words à |à 7 Pagesthing. The two conce pts are common in gender literature; however, they are not uniform across different cultures based on the degree of conservative attitudes present. The significant differences between sexes and used as arguments against equal rights primarily against womenââ¬â¢s rights. Hence, the gender issue has continually been created in light of the standard views or conceptions of gender. The views of sex are different across various cultures and social situations. Gender stereotypes and normsRead More Are Prisons Effective? Essay1490 Words à |à 6 Pagesfight back against the growing crime rate. If the prisoners are locked up in prisons, then they cannot commit crimes. Moreover, they feel that the criminals can be rehabilitated behind bars. Also, they view imprisonment as a deterrent against future crimes. For example, if a law-breaker sees his friend imprisoned for a crime he committed, then the other party will be less willing to break the law and end up in prison as well. Further more, punishment itself would satisfy most of society when theRead MoreThe Founding Years Of America1692 Words à |à 7 Pagespreference to race and gender began to occur within the education frontier. In the hopes of improving chances of like-minded individuals who experienced direct discrimination, Universities were obliged to improve educational opportunities of groups who have experienced prejudice in the past, though a practice called Affirmative Action. The Civil Rights Act was created in 1964 to prohibit discrimination against race, color, religion, or origin in order to create a fair nation. The practice was broken downRead MoreAmerican Criminal Justice System Change990 Words à |à 4 Pagesaspects that can be added to this definition? American criminal justice system seems like a perfectly set up rule which is equal to everyone, but it can be biased. According to the article, ââ¬ËThe New Jim Crowââ¬â¢, many of these indictments seem unfair against certain races. Also, on the documentary about Steven Avery we watched during our first week of class, emphasized the point that the criminal justice system or the law itself can be manipulated by people who are experts. But the criticism on the wrongRead MoreThe Dark Night Madness Analysis1477 Words à |à 6 PagesThroughout Christopher Nolanââ¬â¢s film ââ¬Å"The Dark Nightâ⬠societies struggle with madness is showcased through each characterââ¬â¢s struggle with madness and their confrontations with chaos. The role of madness is to hold a mirror up to society to show it that its sense of morality and sanity is an illusion. This is shown in the film specifically through the characters of Harvey Dent, The Joker, and The Batman. Harvey, at the start is th e epitome of morality firmly on the side of sanity and order. Joker,Read MoreThe Debate for Genetic Engineering Exposed in Gattaca Essay605 Words à |à 3 Pages Gattaca brought about some interesting points on human evolution and human ingenuity. We live in a world where babies are left to chance and genetic metaling is frowned upon, but in Gattaca that idea is flipped. Society judges those who are left to God as inferior. How can one be judged for the decision of their parents? Science is moving into uncharted territory, where we might be able to create ââ¬Å"super humansâ⬠as depicted in the movie. Gattaca revealed both the pros and cons of genetic engineeringRead MoreFeminism Throughout History1698 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe globe have been struggling to gain rights that are equal to men in the society. Women have been struggling to obtain respect, equality, and the same rights men have in the society. However, this has been difficult to them because of patriarchy, an ide ology whereby, men are always considered to be superior to women, and have the right to control women. This thought has spread widely among the social structures of the society around the globe and this made it difficult for women to achieve their dreamsRead MoreCapital Punishment : The United States Legal System1376 Words à |à 6 Pages Al lot of people will either be for capital punishment or against i.e. choose to write about being for capital punishment because I think itââ¬â¢s far when they keep killing over and over they need to know they canââ¬â¢t get away with it As it is beneficial for society as a whole, provides a strong deterrence against future crime, and because it protects the rights of victims of high crime, capital punishment is a legal and appropriate measure in the United States legal system. Capital punishmentRead MoreRacial Inequality And Affirmative Action900 Words à |à 4 PagesCollege is a privilege that is now accessible to many people. It has not always been this way though. Lack of money, being deprived of representation, or racism hindered oneââ¬â¢s chances in to getting into higher education, especially a minorityââ¬â¢s chance. In order to raise against the barriers, President John F. Kennedy created the affirmative action program to provide equal opportunities for everyone, whether in education or in the workforce. Even if this was a program created in the 1960ââ¬â¢s, problemsRead MoreAnalysis Of Brave New World 1131 Words à |à 5 Pageshigh probability chance of heart problems. Due to his genetic being ta inted, Vincentââ¬â¢s dad didnââ¬â¢t name his son after himself. John and Vincent share some certain traits and experiences in their own point of view of society, family and friends. But they both also share a difference which labels them as an outsider that seeks an end to his life and one with a personality that seeks a successful life. Vincent and John are considered as an outsider from their own perspective of societies and they also lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-57946602133960264212019-12-14T16:13:00.001-08:002019-12-14T16:13:04.103-08:00Court Issues Free Essays The criminal justice system has changed tremendously over the decades and so has society. It is important that the court system make changes to keep up with the times. There are parts of the court system that need to be identified to have these changes occur. We will write a custom essay sample on Court Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of these areas is the way courts are managed including their problems and resolutions. A new trend that has emerged is victimsââ¬â¢ rights. Victims can now intervene in the cases before sentencing. In the future, courts could lose cases to arbitration and mediation also known as the private sector of the courts. Understanding these changes and issues are important so that the courts can correspond with the trends as they occur. The courts are an important piece of the justice system. In order to meet the domains of the criminal justice system the courts evolve with the new processes and trends as they happen. Below the paragraphs will analyze and explore future management issues dealing with technological innovations and how the new technology is impacting the courts. Along with how victimsââ¬â¢ rights are impacting the courts. One of the main issues that the courts are facing in the future is the possible division between the private law sector and the courts. The technological innovations also impacts the courts staff and judges. Current and future trends facing the courts and administrators One of the issues facing the court system today is judges are not able to see many cases because of their administrative role. Judges spend the majority of their time ââ¬Å"papering budgets, scheduling cases, supervising employees, and maintaining court recordsâ⬠(Robinson, 2009, pg. 208, para 5). The courthouse employeeââ¬â¢s work together getting cases dispensed as quickly as possible. Some of these cases are dismissed before even being seen because of how many cases there are. Many of the minor cases are plea bargained so that the more serious cases can be seen. In doing this the judges and the courts have more time to spend on the very serious cases such as murder cases. The court system has to make adjustments due to the many cases that they have coming through the courts and they would never caught up because of the fact that there are many people having run in with the law enforcement. Another problem that courts are facing today is the imbalance of power. In the courtroom today the prosecutors have more power because there are the ones that decide if there is going to be charges filed against someone. This means that if the prosecutor does not prosecute a case the judge and defense attorney will have no say in the outcome of that case. One former United States Attorney General has stated ââ¬Å"the prosecutor has more control over life, liberty, and reputation than any other person in Americaâ⬠(Robinson, 2009, pg. 209, para 4). The power that the judges have has been reduced because of the changes in sentencing and rules. The mandatory sentencing laws has given prosecutors the increase power of prosecution control over cases and how they are disposed of. With the power that prosecutors have the justice system is being threatened. If the law was still equal the defense attorney would have the resources they need to help the defendant. The defense attorneys have heavy caseloads because they work for the government and their resources are limited that they can access. Issues and trends regarding language interpretation services Throughout the United States individuals rely on the court system to solve issues and controversies in their lives. Language barriers between an individual and the courts cause the process to get delayed because it causes communication and understanding problems. When a witness is on the stand testifying that speaks a different language that interpreters need to understand what the witness is saying so they can communicate their true meaning of their statement. The United States accepts many different immigrants and the way of communicating. One of the fundamental rights that the United States has is to recognize the important reason why immigrants come to the United States, ââ¬Å"in our countryââ¬â¢s belief in equal justice for all, but to have equal justice, every victim, every witness must understand what is happening in the courtroomâ⬠(Board of Directors, 2007, pg. 3, para 2). With the increasing population of immigrants that do not speak English is making it harder to accommodate for people because the courts have to make sure that the interpreter fully understands the language and can translate what the witness is saying. New York courts employ approximately 300 full and part time court interpreters, and 1,200 interpreters on the per diem bases, to provide services in over 100 languagesâ⬠(Board of Directors, 2007, pg. 4, para 2). The multi-faceted type of communication makes it harder for interpreters in the courtrooms because of the words meaning different things in the different cultures in the Un ited States. An interpreter of the courts also needs to understand legal terminology and procedures of the cultural content that impacts all individuals involved in the case. Interpreters will succeed in their jobs if they can convey what the speaker is meaning to say without altering the expression or tone of the speaker. There are three types of interpreting, which are; consecutive, simultaneous, and sight. Consecutive interpreting is when the interpreter waits for a group of words to be spoken before they interpret what was said. Simultaneous is when the interpreter listens and interprets in a different language at the same time. The last is sight and this is when interpreters read one language and translates it aloud in another. Language interpretation services is a permanent component in the criminal justice system so that the constitutional rights requirements are meet for all individuals. Courts are now required to appoint an interpreter when defendants and witnesses do not speak English in a case. Impact that victim rights laws have on court proceedings (past, present, future) Thirty years ago, victimsââ¬â¢ rights did not exist. The victims were not notified about the courts processing or if the case was dropped and the defendant was released. Today, every state has an extensive body of basic rights and protections for victims within its statutory codeâ⬠(Office for Victims of Crime, 2013). Activists discussed amending the Constitution of the United States to recognize victimsââ¬â¢ rights statutes in the criminal justice proceedings. It was not until 1982 that a Presidentââ¬â¢s Task Force on victims of crime suggested for the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution to be amended so that victims are included in the judicial proceedings. California was the first state to adopt the constitutional amendment in 1982 and by the end of the 21 century 49 states passed the victimsââ¬â¢ Bill of Rights and this gave victims benefits and options in their case. Two presidents supported the amendment of the constitution at the end of the 21st century. The amendment gave victims the right to receive information, protection, and restitution from the offender. This also gave the victim the right to express their views on sentencing, bail, and parole. Victimsââ¬â¢ rights has come a long way sense the early 1970ââ¬â¢s and will continue to change as it needs too. There are several issues facing the courts and courts administrators system today. The analysis above discussed these issues and give information to support the findings. The information of future management issues and trends regarding language interpretation was discussed in the analysis. The past, present, and future impact of victimsââ¬â¢ rights laws on the court proceeding were discussed in detail. How to cite Court Issues, Papers lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-78946088936679056862019-12-06T12:37:00.001-08:002019-12-06T12:37:03.202-08:00Photograph Analysis Essay Example Andy Warhol Example For Students Photograph Analysis Essay Example Andy Warhol Outline1 Introduction2 Life after school3 The bright page in life Introduction One of the prominent and gifted artists, who made a great difference in the art, is Andy Warhol. Andy became a symbol of what is now called the pop art movement. So, let us reveal Andyââ¬â¢s path to success. Andy was born in 1928 as a fourth child in a family. He is said to be given birth in Slovakia, and in a little while, his parents moved to the USA. As a child, Andy always took an interest in art and showed his drawing skills. Everything would be great if not chorea which confined him to bed during the period of studying at school. à Disease affected Andyââ¬â¢s muscles, so he was not able to control his movements. That was a time when he started painting landscapes, portraits and even some colleges. By practising to draw the objects that surrounded him, he managed to develop his own unique and special style. These were the first steps to success and fame. Life after school After graduating from high school, Warhol enrolled at Carnegie Institute of Technology to study the art of graphics. Later he started working as a commercial designer. He worked in the fashion and advertising industries. While creating shoe designs for a British publisher of magazines and comics L. Miller and Son, he used a special technique. Andy painted the shoe with pencil and then covered the outline with wet ink. The final step was to blot the outline onto another piece of paper and then color the shoe with vivid shades. The late 50s was the period when Warhol turned onto photography, which became his new passion. At the beginning of the 60s, the artist made his contribution to the development of Coca-Cola, by designing its cans. That was quite a profitable experience for Andy. Due to his exhibition of works in a gallery in the 60s, the artist gains another recognition. Along with others, there were works where he painted Campbell soup jars and Coca-Cola bottles. It was the year of 1964 when Andyââ¬â¢s creativity resembled in making films. According to his words, to be a moviemaker is much easier than a painter. The only thing required in moviemaking is switched on cameras. à ââ¬Å"Empireâ⬠is one of his first films, where Andy wanted the Empire Building to become a star. The director managed to find a great audience, even though some found Andy as a beginner of a graphics screen sexuality. His ââ¬Å"Blue Movieâ⬠depicts a man and a woman, who live there every day loving each other. Warhol made a documentary about real love, as it is, worth attention. The bright page in life 1964 was also the year when Andy Warhol created two of his works ââ¬â a huge mural ââ¬Å"Thirteen Most Wanted Menâ⬠à and another artwork under the title ââ¬Å"Electric chairâ⬠. The last one belongs to a series of artworks, which is called Death and Disaster series. Although all the previous pictures belonging to this series depict the human suffering and tragedies, Electric Chair was deprived of any presence of a man. The broadsheet of ââ¬Å"Thirteen Most Wanted Menâ⬠became the main topic of a thesis written by Richard Meyer. In the first part, he dwells upon the possible reasons for Robert Mosesââ¬â¢ censorship of Warholââ¬â¢s artwork and his forbiddance to install it. The second part contains an analysis of the possible connection between a gay male culture and Andy Warhol. Being widely known, the artist opened his own studio under the title ââ¬Å"The Factoryâ⬠. It was a place where he worked as well as had parties and meetings with other celebrities. .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 , .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .postImageUrl , .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 , .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98:hover , .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98:visited , .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98:active { border:0!important; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98:active , .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98 .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue099f8965fe69e7a27bccdd2c7e3ac98:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Time for Americans To Be A Family EssayIn 1968, one of Andyââ¬â¢s models Valerie Solanas, who was a feminist, shot him. Warhol had a long and difficult surgical operation, during which he experienced apparent death. Now, when his life was saved, and he started recovering from injuries, he declined to roll over on Valerie. Nonetheless, Valerie got in prison for three years. Such an incident had a great impact on Warholââ¬â¢s further life. It had changed him to a great extent. His further artworks contain elements of death and depict it. For instance, Marilyn Monroeââ¬â¢s death had gone to Andyââ¬â¢s heart so deep, that he decided to devote a picture to the actress. Some critics separate this period of Andyââ¬â¢s creativity from the rest. Andy, himself, was now focused not on making artworks, but more on making good money. During the next 16 years, his works brought him a good fortune. However, not everything was about money. Andy wanted so that everyone could afford to buy his work, so he produced the prints of his works all around. Andy Warhol also stood a chance to create silk screen painting of endangered animals entitled ââ¬Å"Edangered Speciesâ⬠for the organization which defended wild animals. The painter died at the age of 58 in 1987 in New York because of a heart arrest. His body was taken to Pittsburgh. The body rests next to his mother and father. Andy Warhol is a perfect example of how doing what you may transfer a person from rags to riches. lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-36678165548253557852019-11-29T02:59:00.001-08:002019-11-29T02:59:03.066-08:00How Training and Development can benefit an Organization Introduction This proposal is basically going to demonstrate the need for training and development in an organization. Training and development is a very important aspect of an organization because it helps in solving the problem of high employee turnover. This proposal will look into details ways that will be used by the organization to solve the problem of employee turnover.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on How Training and Development can benefit an Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The proposed ways include: training and professional development, knowledge transfer, recognition and rewards, recruitment and orientation, employee participation and communication, innovative compensation systems, job design and work teams, and work life balance. Executive Summary The increasing turnover has caused a large amount of lost time and energy. The escalated need for training and developing presents a chall enge for employees to be comfortable in their job role. Employees are faced with the difficult task of finding quality students to help the company grow, and our organization seeks to decrease the stress of having to achieve their quota of students for the month. A Brief History According to Ongori (2007 p.87), employee turnover is commonly used in various business units. Employers use a lot of money on employeesââ¬â¢ training and development. Therefore, they have to make sure that employeesââ¬â¢ turnover rates are minimized. Employee turnover is referred to as the number of employees who leave a company after a given period of time due to high levels of dissatisfactions of various kinds in their workplace (Firth et al. 2007, p. 170) The major purpose of this proposal is to provide a solution to the problem of employee turnover facing the organization. This problem will be solved through the development and training of employees. Controlling the problem of employee turnover wi ll be associated with several benefits. For instance, it can improve the working morale of the employees. The manager assessed the rate of employee turnover and found out that development and training of the employees on work-related skills will help them solve the problem.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For any business organization to run smoothly there is a need for departmentalization. This means that the activities of the organization must be coordinated by organizing it into departments. All the departments of the organization must coordinate through communication. This research proposal mainly deals with the training of employees to help solve the problem of employee turnover. Through the manager who is the overall boss of the organization, employee stress can be reduced drastically and thus come up with a solution to the problem in the organization. For this case , the manager will also be trained in good managerial aspects. Kaplan University will offer an employer-sponsored training on-site to all the employees in the company in order to improve on their productivity at the workplace (Rehman et al. 2011, p. 89) The training will begin by training members of the production department. This department deals with the creation of goods and services. It is an important department of any company because the major reason for setting up a company is to deal in the production of a particular good or provide a service. Members of the department will be trained on how to make sure that the products being produced are produced on time, and the products are of the right quality. The training session will continue as stated in the memo. Potential Problem Kaplan University employs thousands of employees. Most of these employees have a difficulty in finding their groove within their careers. Failure to obtain adequate training can conflict with their job r ole. For instance, the stress level of employees has risen and derailing them from their goals. Consequently, these employees may be taking personal time off, using their family medical leave absence or use their sick time. In addition, it has even caused them to look for work elsewhere. Hence, lack of training in developing can cause a significant turnover ratio for the company.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on How Training and Development can benefit an Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Potential Solution On-site training and developing course will increase employee loyalty and morale. Employees will look at our organization as a company that genuinely cares about its employeesââ¬â¢ future with the company. This will help employees to develop an emotional connection with the organization and become more efficient, as well as productive. This will increase employee morale because they will not see the drastic turnover anymore and will feel more comfortable about their future within the company. Kaplan University will benefit from doing continued training and development in several ways. It will attract new skilled employees, reduce its turnover and absenteeism, and improve its student enrollments. Kaplan University has set out to attract the most talented individuals in the industry. Providing a workplace that has a competitive advantage over its rivals in the industry will bring in a quality employee. Furthermore, many employees would not have to miss work due to stress problems if they have the adequate training to be successful in their jobs. Productivity will increase because employees will spend more time at work being productive. An effective employer-sponsored training on-site is cost effective because the benefits outweigh its costs. Training and Development Training will be provided to employees of Kaplan University. Companies that usually invest their resources in training, and development end up being more competitive and productive. This is because all activities in the organization are related to learning. Training and development is a key factor to be considered because it makes employees to be retained at their workplace. Provision of this training will not only provide appropriate skills required by the company to meet its goals but also to develop skills that may help them in doing other businesses. Studies carried out by different researchers show that satisfaction of employees is created through the development of their skills. Researchers suggest that there is a correlation between retention and training, especially for the highly skilled employees. Training and development directly influence socialization of employees within the workplace.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because it will contribute to retention through the following ways: it motivates one to continue working in the same company; employees are committed to their work because they feel supported by management, employees are also provided with the skills to use in handling stress in relation to job changes and demands and the caring culture is created. The training that will be offered to employees will be supported in facing the ongoing challenges in relation to their work and also improving on their work commitment to help them see the future. Solution to the Problem Training and Professional Development Employees will always be motivated to stay where there is money and therefore, the training should be communicated and defined well for the development of the company. Training will be an appropriate retention tool if it will be designed to enable people to grow in the company. For instance, it may be associated with a skill-based pay and career development and planning. For e xample, the semi-skilled and unskilled employees can be promoted to higher ranks after offering and better remuneration after providing employer-sponsored training opportunities that improve his professional and personal development. Knowledge Transfer The problem of employee turnover can be solved through the transfer of expertise and knowledge of the company to be shared among the employees. Knowledge transfer in a company can also be done through the use of modern technology tools like intranets and databases. Apart from training and development, the company should find a way of retaining the skills in the company, and this can be done by focusing on individuals who perform best in their field or portray high rates of growth to their company. This can be done by giving such employees challenging responsibilities and better pay. Recognition and Rewards It includes nonfinancial and financial, formal and informal incentives that employers offer their employees in recognition of the good work done by the employees. They include things like clothing, prizes, social events, etc. If rewards are given to the employees, the rate of employee turnover and absenteeism from work will drastically reduce. Recruitment and Orientation When recruiting employees in Kaplan University, the following things should be done to ensure that there are high rates of employee retention. For instance, the personnel department should not only consider academic qualifications of an individual but also the general type of qualifications like character, motivation of the individual towards others and his interest. If the employees have similar interests, they will have a good interpersonal relationship and through this relationship, the retention level of employees will be high. A warm welcome to the newly employed employees makes them feel welcome and integrate well with others (Gaan 2011, p. 33). Employee Participation and Communication Ng and butts (2009, p.289) argue that effective comm unication between the managers and employees will be a good strategy to use in retaining the employees because the implementation of most of the activities in the company will depend on the level of communication. Several researchers indicate that good communication channels like personal discussions, formal newsletters and postings, employee surveys, and regularly scheduled committee meetings will be used to retain employees in the company. Innovative Compensation Systems This will have a positive impact on retention of employees because members will be encouraged to be committed to their work. This will be done through the use of innovative compensation systems like retirement benefits, benefits associated with medical facilities, vacation and holiday benefits and skill based pay. A skill-based pay simply refers to a pay system in which employees are paid depending on their level of skills. This will reduce employee turnover because they stand better chances for higher earnings. J ob Design and Work Teams Work teams and job designs improve on productivity of employees and the quality of the product through activities like job rotation and semi-autonomous and autonomous work teams. Work teams will reduce employee turnover because they will cooperate with each other to make sure that work processes are more effective. Work teams work towards the same organizational goal Work Life Balance Employees should be given enough time to have time with their families and meet other obligations. Employees who work in shifts find it difficult work and family life and so employees will come up with strategies that will help employees to balance work and life. For example, an employer will inform his employees about the changes in shifts, he will limit the split of shifts, and he will allow the employees to change shifts amongst themselves and the most important is that while planning shifts the employer will consult employees about their work life balance needs (Smith, Oczk owski Smith 2011, p.402). The table below explains how training and development will produce a better quality Organizational departments Training offered Outcomes Production Production skills Quality products produced Distribution Distribution skills Effectiveness in the distribution of products Sales and Marketing Sales and Marketing skills An increase in the rate of product sales Finance/Accounts Financial skills Good record keeping Purchasing Purchasing skills Purchases made in time Catering Catering skills Improvement in kitchen hygiene and the quality of food and their services in general Personnel Personnel skills Recruitment of quality and skilled employees without bias Conclusions and Recommendations Employee turnover is a major challenge facing most companies. In the cases I studied most companies use their own strategies to retain employees and also come up with programs that are appropriate and suits the needs of employees. Various approaches are used by various firms like training and career development, benefits, compensation levels and systems, the composition of the work force etc. However, there are no specific strategies that can be used to retain employees. Research indicates that firms, which experience low turnover of employees, pay good salaries. Training and development are the most used strategy of retaining employees because it improves individualsââ¬â¢ skills thus makes the employee to be committed to his work. In conclusion if these strategies are put into consideration then businesses will operate in the dynamic world. References Firth L. et al. (2007). How can managers reduce employee intention to quit? Journal Management Psychology, 19(2), 170-187 Gaan, N. (2011). A Revisit on impact of job attitudes on employee turnover: An empirical study in Indian it industry. Journal of Management, 8(2), 33-42. Ng, T. H. Butts, M. (2009). Effectiveness of organizational efforts to lower turnover intentions: The moderati ng role of employee locus of control. Human Resource Management, 48(2), 289-310. Ongori, H. (2007). A review of the literature on employee turnover. African Journal of Business Management, 1(3), 49-54. Rehman, C. et al. (2011). Impact of Attitudes, Organization characteristics and external market on employee turnover intentions in private sector universities of Lahore. European Journal of Social Science, 21(1), 87-93. Smith, A., Oczkowski, E. Smith, C. (2011). To have and to hold: Modeling the drivers of employee turnover and skill retention in Australian organizations. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(2), 395-416. This proposal on How Training and Development can benefit an Organization was written and submitted by user Jane Roth to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-12961305503199081972019-11-25T10:33:00.001-08:002019-11-25T10:33:04.662-08:00Crytical Anaylasis Essays - College Sports In The United StatesCrytical Anaylasis Essays - College Sports In The United States Crytical Anaylasis Games Colleges Play Parents that have children who are involved in intercollegiate athletics should be concerned about their childs education. College athletics have taken a toll on their athletes and it is being seen in the classroom first. In 1991 the Knights Commission Report called for a new model whereby intercollegiate athletics would keep faith with the student athlete ideal. (Thelin 1980) Today colleges are recruiting and spending more money on athletes then they are scholars. This might not seem like a big deal because most of the public loves to watch intercollegiate sports, but do we really want athletes to be working in our community or do we want scholars? John Thelin realized that intercollegiate athletics were out of control. Players no longer considered themselves student-athletes, and were even asking for a share of the coaches earnings from endorsements. He then decided to take a poll of what Americans thought about this 48 percent thought that they were out of control, this was a 30 percent drop from the previous 78 percent. The Knights commission believed that reform was taking place, but this was not the case the fact is that they are becoming far removed from any educational activities. While most parents believe that there is a definite need for education most dont realize that their children arent really getting one. When Robert Hutchenson was explaining his concepts of college, he discussed what college wasnt like in reality: College is not a great athletic association and social club, in which provision is made merely for intellectual activity on the part of the physically and socially unfit. College is an association of scholars in which provision is made for the development of traits and powers, which must be cultivated, if one wants to become a well-balanced member of the community. Surveys were sent to the parents of athletes asking if they thought that the sport was taking away from their childs schoolwork. The majority of the parents responded by saying that they were concerned with their childs grades, and they believed there was definitely some room for improvement. This book was very well written and was easy to understand due to the organization of the chapters that were divided into categories. Thelins goal was to help athletes and teachers realize what is happening. He made a very convincing argument and definitely convinced me that intercollegiate athletics are taking away from education. Thelin also made me realize that there are other problems with college athletics besides education. He sums one of his articles up by saying: The court is not saying that athletes are incapable of scholarship:however they are given little incentive to be scholars and few people care how the student athlete performs academically, including the athletes themselves. If this situation causes harm to the university, its because they have fostered it and they should be the ones to suffer. The statements that Thelin offers support my thesis that intercollegiate athletics promote scandal make the school a booster college, and they have an effect on the athletes education. The findings from this book also validate my feelings towards the fact that athletes should be winners in the classroom as well as on the field. Bibliography Thelin, John R. Games Colleges Play Scandal and Reform in Intercollegiate Athletics. (1980) 3-61. lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-62856539402058627992019-11-21T17:57:00.001-08:002019-11-21T17:57:03.177-08:00Financial markets subject Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 wordsFinancial markets subject - Research Paper Example Our analysis relates to the determinable impacts of the GFC on the middle-eastern financial markets with specific focus on the financial markets of Qatar and other Gulf Cooperation Council members. The widely known cause of the recession is the collapsing of the housing bubble in the US in 2006; the bubble was created as a result of lenient credit terms and easy initial availability of housing mortgages, based on the perception that property prices are always likely to appreciate. The initiation of easy credit was made by certain US based banks following the inflow of funds from the booming Asian markets. Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs), that were relatively recent financial instruments, promised residential properties as the security against default; this gave further incentive to the banks to lend out customized loans. The collapse, which resulted from rising interest rates leading to a multitude of defaults, caused a significant drop in the prices of securities that were co llateralized with the housing market. This, in turn, resulted in several financial institutions facing the risk of solvency as speculations regarding huge liquidity shortage rose, causing a great stir in the stock markets world-wide, ending up in record-setting lows (Rashwan, 2012). However several economists debate that financial markets in the middle-east, specifically the GCC countries, were somewhat shielded from the devastative impact that certain Western economies faced. Our analysis will highlight reasons on whether it would be fair to conclude this and if so, on what grounds can we claim economies relating to the gulf cooperation council as any different. Project Objectives: To present a brief reasoning behind the Global Financial Crises 2007-2009 To assess the difference between the impact of the Global Financial Crises on the western markets and in the GCC Countries To determine reasons why the financial markets in Qatar and other GCC countries responded to the crises diff erently To assess whether Islamic financing investments have a contribution to the lesser risk exposure of the gulf markets To draw conclusions on whether there are possibilities for western markets to open up avenues of introducing alternative financial instruments following the impact of the GFC Literature Review: We intend on looking up related literature in order to analyze the impact of the GFC on the middle-eastern financial markets, to devise a conclusive analysis on what factors were responsible for the relevant markets to react differently than most of the West, and to formulate deductive reasoning on whether an alternative form of financial instruments might prove to be a securer investment on the macroeconomic level. To obtain supporting information we will take assistance from a combination of primary as well as secondary sources of information, focusing primarily on related articles and scholarly journals. With the GFC being one of the major contributors for financial d ownturns in history, we hope to obtain appropriate market information that will be sufficient enough for us to reach conclusive grounds by the end of lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-32766812017642278992019-11-20T16:05:00.001-08:002019-11-20T16:05:08.107-08:00The Usefulness of Motivation Theory for Managers EssayThe Usefulness of Motivation Theory for Managers - Essay Example According to the research findings, managers can use motivation theory to understand and address the training and development needs of an employee. For example, McGregorââ¬â¢s theory can guide managers to provide generic training or facilitate further studies for employees in order to make them feel valued and capable. This way, managers can retain talent or confidently delegate some duties to employees because they can handle them with ease. The knowledge of motivation theory enables managers to set specific achievable goals. Using Herzbergââ¬â¢s theory, for example, managers can establish good communication and allow employees to work with convenience in order to meet their department or unitââ¬â¢s goals. The lack of communication and convenience, which are examples of Herzbergââ¬â¢s hygiene factors, can cause employees to be de-motivated in working towards the set goals. Finally, managers with the knowledge of motivation theory acknowledge the importance of involving employees in the goal-setting process. For example, McClellandââ¬â¢s acquired needs theory will help managers to allow employees contribute to goal setting because this will help craft these goals in a way that appeals to the employeesââ¬â¢ need for achievement. It is easy for employees to commit themselves to the goals that they consider achievable.à lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-44079583198699524922019-11-18T14:32:00.001-08:002019-11-18T14:32:03.527-08:00Why do markets fail Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsWhy do markets fail - Essay Example According to Wilkinson (2005), ââ¬Å" market failure is the situation where the mechanisms associated with the market unable to allocate resources effectively. In this definition the efficiency word refers to both productive as well as elective parameters. According to his view, the main reasons behind market failure can be classified into the following headings: Monopolies, External factors, Public goods, transaction costs and imperfect information (Wilkinson, 2005, pp.473-474). There are several economists who prefer to call the market failure as market fail to achieve efficiency.. Some specific situation that is contributing to market failure are regulations of the government, costs associated with the transaction, the power of the competitive market (other country), imperfect information etc. Regulations: Restrictions such as price ceilings avoid the price mechanism for competently allocating resources. Market power: Some industries may feature economies of scale, so it is absol utely possible for an incompetent market conclusion to be reached if one organization or a few large institutions are able to leave out others to the disadvantage of potential market participant. Transaction costs: If the cost of any certain product in any trade is high in the first place, a market cannot function properly and it might result in the market failure. Imperfect information: If any one party in the market has material information that the other does not, or both the parties lack substance information that would affect whether or not the deal occurs, or for what price it may take place. Externalities: A trade (or the goods being traded) may inflict considerable costs on individuals not participating in the trade. Alternately, individuals not participating in the trade would realize significant benefits from it but the parties directly involved in the trade would not. Irrational actors: One party is not of sound mind when making the trade, factors are weighted inappropria tely, long-term costs are ignored in favor of short-term benefits, etc.(Wilkinson, 2005, pp.474-478). According to Tatum (2013) market failure is a situation in which the demand for a particular product is not at par with the supply of the same product that manufacturers are now providing for sale.. There are several reasons behind the market failure, with some having to do with pricing and quality, while others are connected to the current general state of the economy. According to his viewpoint, the main reason behind this failure of the market is the externalities. These are simple factors that are outside the control of consumers or the companies producing the goods and services offered for sale. Examples of this include negative situations such as natural disasters that temporarily reduce production, or downturns in the economy that prompt consumers to greatly reduce their consumption of certain products. Positive events may also qualify as externalities, such as an economic re covery that increases consumer confidence and motivates increased purchases of non-essential and luxury products. In the former instance, companies may find that the demand for their products drops suddenly, leaving them with high inventories of finished goods that are not wanted at any price. The latter positive example may mean that, until producers can increase production to meet demand, they will not be able to adequately keep up with customer orders. Other causes of market failure have to do with an imbalance between the price of a product and its perceived level of quality. Price and quality may create a positive or a negative situation, because if consumers think that the price lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-57802714305096478342019-11-16T03:05:00.001-08:002019-11-16T03:05:11.017-08:00What Is The Cause Of Water Pollution?What Is The Cause Of Water Pollution? When toxic substances enter lakes, streams, rivers, oceans, and other water bodies, they get dissolved or lie suspended in water or get deposited on the bed. This results in the pollution of water whereby the quality of the water deteriorates, affecting aquatic ecosystems. Pollutants can also seep down and affect the groundwater deposits. Water pollution has many sources. The most polluting of them are the city sewage and industrial waste discharged into the rivers. The facilities to treat waste water are not adequate in any city in India. Presently, only about 10% of the waste water generated is treated; the rest is discharged as it is into our water bodies. Due to this, pollutants enter groundwater, rivers, and other water bodies. Such water, which ultimately ends up in our households, is often highly contaminated and carries disease-causing microbes. Agricultural run-off, or the water from the fields that drains into rivers, is another major water pollutant as it contains fertilizers and pesticides. Domestic sewage refers to waste water that is discarded from households. Also referred to as sanitary sewage, such water contains a wide variety of dissolved and suspended impurities. Biochemical oxygen demand, or BOD The amount of organic material that can rot in the sewage is measured by the biochemical oxygen demand. BOD is the amount of oxygen required by micro-organisms to decompose the organic substances in sewage. Therefore, the more organic material there is in the sewage, the higher the BOD. It is among the most important parameters for the design and operation of sewage treatment plants. BOD levels of industrial sewage may be many times that of domestic sewage. Dissolved oxygen is an important factor that determines the quality of water in lakes and rivers. The higher the concentration of dissolved oxygen, the better the water quality. When sewage enters a lake or stream, micro-organisms begin to decompose the organic materials. Oxygen is consumed as micro-organisms use it in their metabolism. This can quickly deplete the available oxygen in the water. When the dissolved oxygen levels drop too low, many aquatic species perish. In fact, if the oxygen level drops to zero, the water will be come septic. When organic compounds decompose without oxygen, it gives rise to the undesirable odours usually associated with septic or putrid conditions. It amounts to a very small fraction of the sewage by weight. But it is large by volume and contains impurities such as organic materials and plant nutrients that tend to rot. The main organic materials are food and vegetable waste, plant nutrient come from chemical soaps, washing powders, etc. Domestic sewage is also very likely to contain disease-causing microbes. Thus, disposal of domestic waste water is a significant technical problem. Sewage generated from the urban areas in India has multiplied manifold since 1947. Today, many people dump their garbage into streams, lakes, rivers, and seas, thus making water bodies the final resting place of cans, bottles, plastics, and other household products. The various substances that we use for keeping our houses clean add to water pollution as they contain harmful chemicals. In the past, people mostly used soaps made from animal and vegetable fat for all types of washing. But most of todays cleaning products are synthetic detergents and come from the petrochemical industry. Most detergents and washing powders contain phosphates, which are used to soften the water among other things. These and other chemicals contained in washing powders affect the health of all forms of life in the water. What is the Cause of Water Pollution? Water pollution refers to the changes in the physical, biological, and chemical conditions of any body of water which harmfully disrupts the balance of the ecosystem. Like any type of pollution, water pollution results when an overwhelming amount of waste coming from different sources of pollutants can no longer be accommodated by the natural ecosystem. Consequently, when the wastes are not destroyed as fast as they are produced, they make it unfavorable to humans and many other organisms. But thats not all. Learn more about what causes water pollution. There are actually many specific reasons behind what causes water pollution. However, it is important to familiarize yourself with the two main categories of water pollution. Some pollution comes directly from ones specific location. This type of pollution is called point source pollution such as sewage pipes that empty polluted water into the river and farmland. Meanwhile, non-point source pollution is pollution that comes from large areas like gasoline and other dirt from highways that go into the lakes and rivers.http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1068/1023347477_821ecbb29e.jpg What are the causes water pollution? Who are the culprits who should be responsible for the harm brought by their pollutants? How do these sources of pollution pollute different bodies of water? One major cause of water pollution that has caused serious environmental and health problems are the pollutants coming from chemical and industrial processes. When factories and manufacturers pour their chemicals and livestock wastes directly into streams and rivers, the water becomes poisonous and oxygen levels are depleted causing many aquatic organisms to die. These wastes include solvents and toxic substances. Most of the wastes are not biodegradable. Power plants, paper mills, refineries, automobile factories dispose waste into the rivers. The heated water from the power plants is called thermal pollution. This kills aquatic animals and plants by reducing the oxygen content of the water. Power plants use water to cool their machineries, thus changing the temperature of the water. Aside from thermal pollution, there are also organic and inorganic pollutants. The organic wastes include refuse from slaughter houses, fish and meat canning factories, and leather tanning companies, manufacturing plants, pesticides and crude oil companies. Since organic wastes are decomposed by microorganisms, much of the dissolved oxygen in water is used up and the waster begins to stink. Inorganic wastes include toxic and corrosive substances like acids, heavy metals, mercury, cadmium and lead which can impair the normal body processes. Battery manufacturers, mining, paper mills increase the concentration of mercury making the water dangerous and poisonous for most living things. Another cause of water pollution is from pesticides. Farm pesticides poison aquatic plants and animals. Animal manure, chemical fertilizers, phosphate detergent pollute water by supplying excess nutrients. This pollution is known as eutrophication. This greatly increases the growth of algae in water thereby decreasing the amount of oxygen level in water causing the death of many aquatic organisms. Water is also being polluted by garbage specifically plastics and other plastic-like substances. Some plastic like nylon can entangle fishes and other marine animals. Plastics that have broken down into tiny pieces can be eaten by sea creatures which may cause their death. Since plastic is non-biodegradable, it will continue to kill more fishes. One more cause of water pollution is sewage coming from households. Since no one wants to live in a polluted area, near a dumpsite or landfill, the wastewater and untreated sewage are carried away from the home polluting different bodies of water. Most developing countries practice this type of sewage disposal. Even modern countries carry poorly treated sewage to canals leading to major bodies of water. The danger is when the sewage pipes gets broken and waste contaminates the drinking water. When this happens, the breakage will open a wide array of water borne diseases that will surely pose peril to consumers. Last among the causes of water pollution are personal care and household products. Shampoo, lotion, moisturizer, hair dye, bleach, laundry detergent, fabric softener, and many others contribute to water pollution. Human waste is not the only thing that goes to sewage. These products also join the wastewater to contaminate the streams, rivers, and lakes. Although the world abounds with water, only three percent of it is potable. Included in the 3% source of potable water are the streams, spring, rivers, lakes, and waterfalls that are continuously being threatened and contaminated by the different factors that cause of water pollution. If the sources of water pollution are not controlled, this basic necessity will eventually become a rare commodity only a few can afford to have. Agricultural Run off Eutrophication When fresh water is artificially supplemented with nutrients, it results in an abnormal increase in the growth of water plants. This is known as eutrophication. The discharge of waste from industries, agriculture, and urban communities into water bodies generally stretches the biological capacities of aquatic systems. Chemical run-off from fields also adds nutrients to water. Excess nutrients cause the water body to become choked with organic substances and organisms. When organic matter exceeds the capacity of the micro-organisms in water that break down and recycle the organic matter, it encourages rapid growth, or blooms, of algae. When they die, the remains of the algae add to the organic wastes already in the water; eventually, the water becomes deficient in oxygen. Anaerobic organisms (those that do not require oxygen to live) then attack the organic wastes, releasing gases such as methane and hydrogen sulphide, which are harmful to the oxygen-requiring (aerobic) forms of life. The result is a foul-smelling, waste-filled body of water. This has already occurred in such places as Lake Erie and the Baltic Sea, and is a growing problem in freshwater lakes all over India. Eutrophication can produce problems such as bad tastes and odours as well as green scum algae. Also the growth of rooted plants increases, which decreases the amount of oxygen in the deepest waters of the lake. It also leads to the death of all forms of life in the water bodies. The use of land for agriculture and the practices followed in cultivation greatly affect the quality of groundwater. Intensive cultivation of crops causes chemicals from fertilizers (e.g. nitrate) and pesticides to seep into the groundwater, a process commonly known as leaching. Routine applications of fertilizers and pesticides for agriculture and indiscriminate disposal of industrial and domestic wastes are increasingly being recognized as significant sources of water pollution. The high nitrate content in groundwater is mainly from irrigation run-off from agricultural fields where chemical fertilizers have been used indiscriminately. Industrial effluents Waste water from manufacturing or chemical processes in industries contributes to water pollution. Industrial waste water usually contains specific and readily identifiable chemical compounds. During the last fifty years, the number of industries in India has grown rapidly. But water pollution is concentrated within a few subsectors, mainly in the form of toxic wastes and organic pollutants. Out of this a large portion can be traced to the processing of industrial chemicals and to the food products industry. In fact, a number of large- and medium-sized industries in the region covered by the Ganga Action Plan do not have adequate effluent treatment facilities. Most of these defaulting industries are sugar mills, distilleries, leather processing industries, and thermal power stations. Most major industries have treatment facilities for industrial effluents. But this is not the case with small-scale industries, which cannot afford enormous investments in pollution control equipment as their profit margin is very slender. Transport and chemical reactions of water pollutants Most water pollutants are eventually carried by the rivers into the oceans. In some areas of the world the influence can be traced hundred miles from the mouth by studies using hydrology transport models. Advanced computer models such as SWMM or the DSSAM Model have been used in many locations worldwide to examine the fate of pollutants in aquatic systems. Indicator filter feeding species such as copepods have also been used to study pollutant fates in the New York Bight, for example. The highest toxin loads are not directly at the mouth of the Hudson River, but 100 kilometers south, since several days are required for incorporation into planktonic tissue. The Hudson discharge flows south along the coast due to coriolis force. Further south then are areas of oxygen depletion, caused by chemicals using up oxygen and by algae blooms, caused by excess nutrients from algal cell death and decomposition. Fish and shellfish kills have been reported, because toxins climb the foodchain after small fish consume copepods, then large fish eat smaller fish, etc. Each successive step up the food chain causes a stepwise concentration of pollutants such as heavy metals (e.g. mercury) and persistent organic pollutants such as DDT. This is known as biomagnification which is occasionally used interchangeably with bioaccumulation.http://feww.files.wordpress.com/2007/10/water-pollution.JPG The big gyres in the oceans trap floating plastic debris. The North Pacific Gyre for example has collected the so-called Great Pacific Garbage Patch that is now estimated at 100 times the size of Texas. Many of these long-lasting pieces wind up in the stomachs of marine birds and animals. This results in obstruction of digestive pathways which leads to reduced appetite or even starvation. Many chemicals undergo reactive decay or chemically change especially over long periods of time in groundwater reservoirs. A noteworthy class of such chemicals are the chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene (used in industrial metal degreasing and electronics manufacturing) and tetrachloroethylene used in the dry cleaning industry (note latest advances in liquid carbon dioxide in dry cleaning that avoids all use of chemicals). Both of these chemicals, which are carcinogens themselves, undergo partial decomposition reactions, leading to new hazardous chemicals (including dichloroethylene and vinyl chloride). http://www.sos-arsenic.net/images/uttra-lake.jpg Groundwater pollution is much more difficult to abate than surface pollution because groundwater can move great distances through unseen aquifers. Non-porous aquifers such as clays partially purify water of bacteria by simple filtration (adsorption and absorption), dilution, and, in some cases, chemical reactions and biological activity: however, in some cases, the pollutants merely transform to soil contaminants. Groundwater that moves through cracks and caverns is not filtered and can be transported as easily as surface water. In fact, this can be aggravated by the human tendency to use natural sinkholes as dumps in areas of Karst topography. There are a variety of secondary effects stemming not from the original pollutant, but a derivative condition. Some of these secondary impacts are: Silt bearing surface runoff from can inhibit the penetration of sunlight through the water column, hampering photosynthesis in aquatic plants. Thermal pollution can induce fish kills and invasion by new thermophilic species. This can cause further problems to existing wildlife. EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION The effects of water pollution are seen in Thermal, Heavy Metal, Agricultural regions and due to fertilizers, chemicals, oil and contaminated ground water. Effects of Water Pollution Effects of Run-off Pollution Rain picks up dirt and silt and carries it into the water. If the dirt and silt settle in the water body, then these sediments prevent sunlight from reaching aquatic plants. If the Sun cant reach the plants, these perish. These sediments also clog fish gills and smother organisms that live on the bottom of the body of the water. Effects of Oil Pollution and Antifreeze If oil is spilled on the water, the effects on the ecosystem and the components are harmful. Many animals can be annihilated in case they ingest oil. Oil contaminated prey may be a reason of death for many. If the oil coats the feathers of birds, these may die. Oil and antifreeze makes the water have a foul odor and there is a sticky film on the surface of water that kills animals. Oil is the most harmful pollutant in the water. Contaminated Ground Water Effects If contaminated water enters the ground, there may be serious effects. People may become very sick and there is a probability of developing liver or kidney problems and cancer or other illnesses. Fertilizers and other chemicals Nitrates in drinking water leads to diseases of infants that may lead to their death. Cadmium is a metal in sludge-derived fertilizer. This can be absorbed by crops. When people ingest this, they may cause diarrheal disorders, liver and kidney damage. The inorganic substances like mercury, arsenic and lead are the causes of pollution. Other chemicals can also lead to problems concerning the taste, smell and color of water. Pesticides, PCBs and PCPs are all poisonous to all sorts of life. Pesticides are used in farming, homes and forestry. PCBs are found as insulators in old electrical transformers. PCPs are found in products like wood preservatives. Effects of Agricultural Water Pollution Rain and irrigation water drains off cultivated land that has been fertilized and treated with pesticides, the excess nitrogen and poisons are mixed with it into the water supply. These pesticides are toxic and pollute the water in a different mode. Aquatic plants growth cause de-oxygenation of water and annihilate flora and fauna in a stream, lake and river. Fertilizers enhance the growth of bacteria that are in water and increase the concentration of bacteria to hazardous levels. Effects of Thermal Water Pollution Machinery in the industries are cooled with water from lakes and rivers. This water reaches the river in a heated state. This water decreases the ability of the aquatic system to hold oxygen and raises the growth of warm water species. Effects of Heavy Metal Water Pollution Heavy metals like lead, mercury, iron, cadmium, aluminum and magnesium are present in water sources. If these metals are present in the sediment, these reach the food chain through plants and aquatic animals. This causes heavy metal poisoning in case the level in the water is very high. Some other effects of water pollution In rivers, oceans and seas, water pollution effects flora and fauna in them. Further, the birds and animals that consume this contaminated food supply can perish. Blood diseases, nervous system disorders and heart diseases are some of the effects of water pollution. Many toxins in polluted water lead to cancer. Rarely, the bodys chromosomal makeup can be altered. Some of the less potent effects are skin lesions, vomiting and diarrhea. The effects of water pollution are not only devastating to people but also to animals, fish, and birds. Polluted water is unsuitable for drinking, recreation, agriculture, and industry. It diminishes the aesthetic quality of lakes and rivers. More seriously, contaminated water destroys aquatic life and reduces its reproductive ability. Eventually, it is a hazard to human health. Nobody can escape the effects of water pollution. The individual and the community can help minimize water pollution. By simple housekeeping and management practices the amount of waste generated can be minimized.http://www.danharlow.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/esa-ganesh-img1.jpg GLOBAL WATER POLLUTION Estimates suggest that nearly 1.5 billion people lack safe drinking water and that at least 5 million deaths per year can be attributed to waterborne diseases. With over 70 percent of the planet covered by oceans, people have long acted as if these very bodies of water could serve as a limitless dumping ground for wastes. Raw sewage, garbage, and oil spills have begun to overwhelm the diluting capabilities of the oceans, and most coastal waters are now polluted. Beaches around the world are closed regularly, often because of high amounts of bacteria from sewage disposal, and marine wildlife is beginning to suffer. CONCLUSION Clearly, the problems associated with water pollution have the capabilities to disrupt life on our planet to a great extent. Congress has passed laws to try to combat water pollution thus acknowledging the fact that water pollution is, indeed, a seriousissue. But the government alone cannot solve the entire problem. It is ultimately up to us, to be informed, responsible and involved when it comes to the problems we face with our water. We must become familiar with our local water resources and learn about ways for disposing harmful household wastes so they donà ¿Ã ½t end up in sewage treatment plants that cannott handle them or landfills not designed to receive hazardous materials. In our yards, we must determine whether additional nutrients are needed before fertilizers are applied, and look for alternatives where fertilizers might run off into surface waters. We have to preserve existing trees and plant new trees and shrubs to help prevent soil erosion and promote infiltration of water into the soil. Around our houses, we must keep litter, pet waste, leaves, and grass clippings out of gutters and storm drains. These are just a few of the many ways in which we, as humans, have the ability to combat water pollution. As we head into the 21st century, awareness and education will most assuredly continue to be the two most important ways to prevent water pollution. If these measures are not taken and water pollution continues, life on earth will suffer severely. Global environmental collapse is not inevitable. But the developed world must work with the developing world to ensure that new industrialized economies do not add to the worlds environmental problems. Politicians must think of sustainable development rather than economic expansion. Conservation strategies have to become more widely accepted, and people must learn that energy use can be dramatically diminished without sacrificing comfort. In short, with the technology that currently exists, the years of global environmental mistreatment can begin to be reversed. See full size imagehttp://coris.noaa.gov/glossary/runoff_186.jpg http://davetheroyale.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/global-warming-copy2.jpg lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1766818037375831036.post-83204064733676515542019-11-13T15:36:00.001-08:002019-11-13T15:36:04.260-08:00Copyright and the Internet Essay -- Copyright, Internet,Copyright came about in the fifteenth century in Britain, sometime after the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg. ââ¬Å"The printing press represented a supreme threat to the clergyââ¬â¢s monopoly on idea dissemination; moveable type was the fifteenth century version of Napsterâ⬠(Copyright Website). Copyright laws were instated to protect authors of various intellectual properties, (literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, architectural) and give credit to the proper author. Over the years copyright laws have changed dramatically, because of the development of the internet. Before the internet in order to be caught plagiarizing someone would have to read through all sorts of literary works, to know exactly where the information came from. These days a person can just type what they are looking for into search engine sites like ââ¬Å"Googleâ⬠and fine exactly what they were looking for. With information accessed with such ease it makes it almost effortl ess to plagiarize (the act of stealing others ideas, and passing them off as your own), other peoples work without the author having any idea. "The Internet has been characterized as the largest threat to copyright since its inception. The Internet is awash in information, a lot of it with varying degrees of copyright protection. Copyrighted works on the Net include news stories, software, novels, screenplays, graphics, pictures, Usenet messages and even email. In fact, the frightening reality is that almost everything on the Net is protected by copyright law. That can pose problems for the hapless surferâ⬠(Copyright Website). The electronic environment does not change the ways we consider ownership, it does however change the ways in which we use and distribute intellectual propert... ...ze. However the internet is also good in the sense that it can be used for advertisement and giving previews to different types of intellectual property. Internet copyright laws will always be different than regular copyright laws, because they must always be changing in order to keep up with the always changing technology. If you are placing any type of intellectual property on the internet you should register your work so that it is under more strict usage laws and so that you have say in how your work is used. No one wants to put hours of hard work into a creative work only to have someone else take these ideas and pass them off as their own work, this is the main and most important reason for copyright. Without copyright laws you might say the world would be quite a bit more chaotic. Work Cited Copyright Website http://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/ lynnperkins1924http://www.blogger.com/profile/06354691142482709362noreply@blogger.com0